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Review | Open Access

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Microbiology: From Research to Practice

Ting Ding1,2 , Yi‐Wei Tang3,4, Xiaoke Hao2,5( )
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
Department of Medical Affairs, Danaher Corporation/Cepheid, New York, New York, USA
College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Shaanxi Lifegen Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
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Abstract

With the continuous development of technologies such as big data, the internet, and deep learning, artificial intelligence (AI) has become widely used in many fields of laboratory medicine, including clinical microbiology, where it has shown great potential in clinical practice. AI significantly improves the efficiency of microbial identification and diagnosis, and also assists in antibiotic resistance monitoring, treatment guidance, and antibiotic development. By automating daily tasks and optimizing laboratory workflows, AI can improve overall laboratory management. AI also plays an important role in infection monitoring, along with epidemic prevention and control. AI integration with clinical microbiology is reshaping the field and driving advancements for more accurate, efficient, and predictive healthcare solutions. This article thoroughly discusses AI applications in clinical microbiology and explores its opportunities and challenges, aiming to provide a reference for future AI expansion in this field.

Graphical Abstract

This paper reviews the application of AI in clinical microbiology practice at home and abroad, including rapid pathogen identification, accurate characterization of microbial resistance patterns, optimization of laboratory workflows, and public health interventions. By analyzing the successes and challenges it has faced, this study aims to provide references for future technical integration and field innovation in clinical microbiological testing.

Keywords

artificial intelligenceclinical microbiologymachine learningmicrobiological examination

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iLABMED
Volume 3 Issue 4,
December 2025
Pages 405-416
DOI: 10.1002/ila2.70033

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Cite this article:
Ding T, Tang Y, Hao X. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Microbiology: From Research to Practice. iLABMED, 2025, 3(4): 405-416. https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70033

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Received: 15 January 2025
Revised: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 07 July 2025
Published: 15 January 2026
© 2025 The Author(s). Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.