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Research Article | Open Access

A Flexible Bimodal Sensor With Single Configuration Enabling Strain and Touchless Sensing

Ye Qiu1, Gang Zhou1, Xinwei Jin1, Kun Kong1, Zhengle Xu1, Jiongxu Han1, Zhaoyan Li1, Yijie Wang1, Jiajun Zhu1, Jiahui Lu1, Ye Tian1, Yi Song1, Huaping Wu1,2,3 ( )
Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Taizhou Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of High‐End Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National “2011 Plan”), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract

Human–machine interfaces increasingly require sensors capable of perceiving both direct physical interactions and remote environmental cues. However, existing multimodal flexible sensors typically rely on physically separated sensing units and complex signal integration, leading to increased structural complexity and compromised mechanical adaptability. Here, we present a flexible bimodal sensing architecture that enables contact and noncontact perception within a single configuration. The sensor is constructed from a silica‐modified gallium–indium liquid metal composite embedded in an elastomeric matrix, where a single patterned conductive framework enables dual sensing functions through distinct interaction modes. Resistance modulation of the deformable liquid metal network provides real‐time strain perception during physical contact, whereas triboelectric‐field coupling enables proximity detection without direct contact. This intrinsically integrated sensing strategy allows simultaneous decoding of deformation states, approaching distance, and dynamic motion trajectories without relying on conventional multisensor fusion. This single configuration‐based multimodal sensing strategy provides a compact approach for developing next‐generation electronic skins and intelligent human–machine interfaces.

Graphical Abstract

A flexible bimodal sensor with a single architecture enables simultaneous strain detection and touchless perception, providing a facile platform for integrated multistimulus sensing and intelligent human–machine interaction.

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FlexTech
Pages 80-90

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Cite this article:
Qiu Y, Zhou G, Jin X, et al. A Flexible Bimodal Sensor With Single Configuration Enabling Strain and Touchless Sensing. FlexTech, 2026, 2(2): 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/fle2.70017

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Received: 01 August 2026
Revised: 01 August 2026
Accepted: 17 August 2026
Published: 28 August 2026
© 2026 The Author(s).

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.