RT Journal Article A1 Peiyao ZHAO,Ziming CAI,Longwen WU,Chaoqiong ZHU,Longtu LI,Xiaohui WANG; AD State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 中国 ; 四川大学电气工程学院, 中国 ; State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 中国 ; State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 中国 ; State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 中国 T1 Perspectives and challenges for lead-free energy-storage multilayer ceramic capacitors YR 2021 IS 6 vo 10 OP 1153-OP 1193 K1 energy storage;multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs);lead-free dielectric ceramics;high power density AB The growing demand for high-power-density electric and electronic systems has encouraged the development of energy-storage capacitors with attributes such as high energy density, high capacitance density, high voltage and frequency, low weight, high-temperature operability, and environmental friendliness. Compared with their electrolytic and film counterparts, energy-storage multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) stand out for their extremely low equivalent series resistance and equivalent series inductance, high current handling capability, and high-temperature stability. These characteristics are important for applications including fast-switching third-generation wide-bandgap semiconductors in electric vehicles, 5G base stations, clean energy generation, and smart grids. There have been numerous reports on state-of-the-art MLCC energy-storage solutions. However, lead-free capacitors generally have a low-energy density, and high-energy density capacitors frequently contain lead, which is a key issue that hinders their broad application. In this review, we present perspectives and challenges for lead-free energy-storage MLCCs. Initially, the energy-storage mechanism and device characterization are introduced; then, dielectric ceramics for energy-storage applications with aspects of composition and structural optimization are summarized. Progress on state-of-the-art energy-storage MLCCs is discussed after elaboration of the fabrication process and structural design of the electrode. Emerging applications of energy-storage MLCCs are then discussed in terms of advanced pulsed power sources and high-density power converters from a theoretical and technological point of view. Finally, the challenges and future prospects for industrialization of lab-scale lead-free energy-storage MLCCs are discussed. SN 2226-4108 LA EN