@article{LI2026, 
author = {Tong LI and Shengxia SUN and Jiancai ZHENG and Min ZHAO},
title = {Influence of the liquid-phase equation of state on the implosion characteristics of deep-sea ceramic pressure hulls},
year = {2026},
journal = {Chinese Journal of Ship Research},
volume = {21},
number = {5},
pages = {131-145},
keywords = {ceramic pressure hull, deep-sea, underwater implosion, equation of state, compressible multiphase flow, shock-wave load, numerical simulation},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.04579},
doi = {10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.04579},
abstract = {ObjectiveTo address the problem of implosion of deep-sea ceramic pressure hulls at depths of 10 000 meters, this study investigates the influence of different liquid-phase equations of state (EoS) on the implosion characteristics of deep-sea ceramic pressure hulls. MethodBased on compressible multi-phase flow theory and the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) method, a numerical simulation approach is developed for modeling the implosion of deep-sea ceramic pressure hulls with various liquid-phase equations of state. This method enables refined shockwave capture during implosion and provides an accurate description of shockwave load attenuation characteristics. ResultsThe type of liquid-phase equation of state has a significant influence on the implosion shockwave load characteristics. At the radius measurement location, the peak pressure and wave velocity of the implosion shock wave calculated using the NASG liquid-phase equation of state were 11.29% and 0.88% lower, respectively, than those obtained with the SG liquid-phase equation of state. When using the MNASG liquid-phase equation of state, the corresponding reductions were 13.78% and 4.73%, respectively, compared with the SG liquid-phase equation of state.ConclusionEmploying different liquid-phase equations of state to describe the extreme flow field environments of deep-sea implosions provide a new reference for shockwave load prediction and offers guidance for underwater implosion protection.}
}