@article{YANG2026, 
author = {Xiaoying YANG and Jiali QIAN and Rui WANG and Runxuan ZHANG and Xiao ZHOU and Hang JING and Lixia MA},
title = {Analysis of Phencyclidine-type New Psychoactive Substance 2-FXE in Illicit E-liquid},
year = {2026},
journal = {Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences},
volume = {2026},
number = {5},
pages = {78-84},
keywords = {GC-MS, HR-LC-MS, HPLC, phencyclidine-type substance, 2-FXE, e-liquid},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2026.05.010},
doi = {10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2026.05.010},
abstract = {ObjectiveThis study established qualitative analytical methods for 2-Ethylamino-2-(2-fluorophenyl) cyclohexan-1-one (2-FXE) in e-liquid using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high resolution-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HR-LC-MS). Corresponding quantitative analytical methods were established using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC).MethodsThe seized e-liquid sample was extracted with methanol and subjected to qualitative analysis using HR-LC-MS and GC-MS. Furthermore, the content of the target substance in e-liquid was quantitatively analyzed using HPLC and GC.ResultsThe mass fragment information of HR-LC-MS indicated that the unknown substance may be 2-FXE, an analog of Fluoroketamine. Combined with the retention time and the relative ion abundance ratio of the reference standard analyzed by GC-MS, the unknown additive was determined to be 2-FXE. At the same time, the quantitative results of HPLC and GC showed that the illegal addition of 2-FXE in e-liquid was 8.22% and 8.35%, respectively. The relative deviation between the two results was less than 5%.ConclusionThis approach can meet the qualitative and quantitative analysis requirements of 2-FXE in e-liquid, and also provides a reference method for the analysis of other similar phencyclidine-type new psychoactive substances.}
}