@article{Hoffmann2026, 
author = {Christine Hoffmann},
title = {Factors Affecting Shooting Performance in Laser Run},
year = {2026},
journal = {Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {330-338},
keywords = {Shooting Frequency, Shooting Rhythm, Heart rate, Core Stability, Modern Pentathlon},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s42978-024-00286-9},
doi = {10.1007/s42978-024-00286-9},
abstract = {PurposeLaser Run combines running and shooting with a laser pistol in multiple laps with high cardio-vascular stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of shooting rate, shooting rhythm, heart rate, and core stability on the overall performance.MethodsDuring a qualification race with 23 elite athletes heart rate and shooting performance were measured. The shooting rate and rhythm were then calculated and trunk strength endurance was determined in a separate test.ResultsFiring an average of 10.2 ± 3.9 shots per lap, the athletes spent a mean of 23.0 ± 12.0 s at the shooting range. The mean shooting rate was approximately 2.4 s between two shots. The results indicated a regular shooting rhythm to be more important than high shooting rate. The variation of the shooting rate showed a strong correlation with the overall shooting performance (r = 0.77). Athletes shoot at a heart rate close to 95% of their maximum heart rate. However, deviations do not seem to influence on the shooting performance, whereas core strength endurance obviously has a strong impact on shooting performance (r =−0.57).ConclusionAthletes must train to shoot with high heart rates and find a balance between high shooting rate and precision. A constant shooting rhythm and good core stability appear to be particularly important for high performance.}
}