@article{Huang2026, 
author = {Liyan Huang and Xiuyu Li and Qinxiao Chen and Liuqingqing Liu and Cuizhu Sun and Xianxiang Luo and Fengmin Li and Hao Zheng},
title = {Gender-Specific Reproductive Toxicity of Biodegradable Microplastics and Bisphenol F in Medaka (Oryzias latipes)},
year = {2026},
journal = {Periodical of Ocean University of China},
volume = {56},
number = {9},
pages = {141-153},
keywords = {new pollutants, endocrine disruptors, bisphenol A substitutes, reproductive toxicity, combined toxicity},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20260012},
doi = {10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20260012},
abstract = {To investigate the combined effects of exposure to biodegradable microplastics (MPs) and bisphenol substitutes in aquatic organisms, this study selected polylactide (PLA) as a representative biodegradable MP and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a conventional non-biodegradable counterpart. Adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of MPs (20 μg·L-1) and bisphenol F (BPF, 2 μg·L-1). Behavioral performance was evaluated, with a particular focus on reproductive toxicity. Co-exposure of PLA or PET with BPF significantly impaired swimming performance, and the inhibitory effect was stronger in the PLA group. Importantly, reproductive assessments revealed clear sex-specific responses. PLA and BPF co-exposure primarily affected females and induced ovarian cell apoptosis and degenerative alterations; In contrast, PET and BPF co-exposure caused more pronounced structural damage in male testes. These findings reveal the gender-specific reproductive toxicity induced by combined exposure to biodegradable MPs and bisphenol substitutes, and provide a scientific basis for the ecological risk assessment of biodegradable MPs.}
}