@article{CHEN2026, 
author = {Shuai CHEN and Junliang YAO and Daquan YIN},
title = {Research on the transformation of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) in gas chromatography and the development of its residual determination method},
year = {2026},
journal = {Journal of China Pharmaceutical University},
volume = {57},
number = {4},
pages = {460-465},
keywords = {diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, diisopropyl hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate, pre-column derivatization, GC, Mitsunobu reaction},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.11665/j.issn.1000-5048.2025102302},
doi = {10.11665/j.issn.1000-5048.2025102302},
abstract = {For the first time, an intriguing phenomenon was observed in which diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) was converted into diisopropyl hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate (DIHD) during gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Subsequently, a GC method with pre-column derivatization was developed and validated for the determination of residual DIAD, using triphenylphosphine (TPP) as the derivatization reagent. The method was performed on a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID), using direct injection, an Agilent DB-5 capillary column, and a programmed temperature profile. Method validation demonstrated a good linear response for DIAD in the range of 1.057-10.57 µg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.528 µg/mL and a quantification limit of 1.057 µg/mL. The established method allows DIAD and DIHD to be determined collectively as a single analyte, both of which may be introduced during the manufacturing process. It exhibits high accuracy, sensitivity, excellent repeatability and stability, as well as a simple and rapid derivatization procedure. This method is expected to be applicable as a general approach for detecting DIAD and its structural analogues.}
}