@article{Sun2026, 
author = {Xiuwen Sun and Yuming Xie and Xiangchen Meng and Zeyu Zhang and Huijia Tian and Wenjiang Dong and Jianing Dong and Xiaotian Ma and Naijie Wang and Yongxian Huang},
title = {Wire-based friction stir additive manufacturing of AZ31B magnesium alloy: Precipitate behavior and mechanical properties},
year = {2026},
journal = {Journal of Magnesium and Alloys},
volume = {15},
number = {C},
keywords = {Friction stir additive manufacturing, Magnesium alloys, Textures, Mechanical properties, Grain boundary sliding},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1016/j.jma.2025.04.025},
doi = {10.1016/j.jma.2025.04.025},
abstract = {Simultaneous achievement of defect-free formation and high mechanical performance in additive manufactured Mg alloys remains challenging, bottlenecked by flammability, porosities, and oxidation risks within the melting-solidifying process. Here, wire-based friction stir additive manufacturing (W-FSAM), sparked by continuous wire feeding, severe plastic deformation transport, and solid-state deposition, was exploited to achieve sound Mg components. Greatly refined grains were obtained by severe plastic deformation, with an average grain size of 3.79 µm. Al8Mn5 precipitates underwent refinement and redistribution, while Mg17Al12 precipitates experienced solid solution and precipitation behaviors. Lattice mismatch was 4.92 % when Mg17Al12 precipitated on Al8Mn5. The strong flow-induced effect of the pin structure weakened the basal texture along the building direction, which was formed by the intense forging effect of W-FSAM tools. Alternating texture features coordinated the plastic deformation of slip and twinning, enabling superior ductility. Additionally, in-situ electron backscattered diffraction results revealed grain boundary sliding accommodated by grain rotation within the fine-grained structure. These unique microstructural features and precipitate behavior enhanced the overall mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 257.3 ± 3.5 MPa and an elongation of 12.4 ± 0.3 % in building direction, and an ultimate tensile strength of 250.7 ± 2.0 MPa and an elongation of 12.2 ± 0.5 % in the traveling direction.}
}