@article{Liu2026, 
author = {Yijiang Liu and Yihan Liang and Chengwen Bin and Man Jiang and Qingguo Feng and Chunfeng Hu},
title = {Deep-cooling thermal shock mechanisms of Ti3AlC2 ceramics in liquid nitrogen},
year = {2026},
journal = {Extreme Materials},
volume = {2},
number = {2},
keywords = {Ti3AlC2, Thermal shock, Liquid nitrogen, Residual flexural strength, Weibull modulus},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1016/j.exm.2026.100030},
doi = {10.1016/j.exm.2026.100030},
abstract = {This study employed liquid nitrogen to simulate a cryogenic environment. Ti3AlC2 samples were rapidly induction-heated in air and then cooled in liquid nitrogen. The results indicate that as the heating temperature increases, the residual flexural strength of the samples exhibits an overall trend of first rising to 590.8 MPa and decreasing later. It is noteworthy that due to the extremely low cooling temperature of liquid nitrogen, the oxide film on samples surface peels off upon exposure to liquid nitrogen at quenching temperatures below 720 ℃. Consequently, no significant oxides were detected during phase analysis. However, the oxide layer provides complete protection for the substrate, resulting in a slight recovery in flexural strength at 1100 ℃. Furthermore, the material exhibited a high Weibull modulus of 14.3 at 1250 ℃, demonstrating the exceptional thermal shock resistance and structural reliability of Ti3AlC2 under extreme cryogenic quenching conditions.}
}