@article{Dang2026, 
author = {Huifang Dang and Yongqiang Han and Hao Yan and Zhe Chen},
title = {Optimal Robust Low Carbon Allocation of Multi-energy Systems Considering Direct and Indirect Heating of Wind Energy and Carbon Trading},
year = {2026},
journal = {CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems},
volume = {12},
number = {3},
pages = {1562-1572},
keywords = {Carbon trading, distributionally robust, energy efficiency, multi-energy system, wind heating},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.05540},
doi = {10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.05540},
abstract = {This paper proposes a low-carbon robust optimal allocation method for multi-energy systems (MES) considering direct and indirect heating integration of wind energy and carbon quota trading. First, direct heating characteristics of wind energy are analyzed, and the energy analysis model of stirring heating driven by wind energy is established. Next, the inertia characteristics of the heating and gas networks and their influence on carbon emission adjustment ability are analyzed, and the carbon quota cost of MES is revised. A low-carbon bi-level optimal allocation model of MES is established based on distributionally robust optimization (DRO). Finally, a simulation model is established based on actual operation data of a MES in Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. Simulation results show that the model proposed in this paper can improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system and effectively reduce carbon emissions.}
}