@article{Liu2026, 
author = {Hao Liu and Wenzi Huang and Xinru Zhao and Chuanghuang Su and Peiyao Lin and Cheng Liu and Shun Fang and Jianxiong Lin and Mingyi Li and Huayong Liu and Shuai Han},
title = {Ho-doped Prussian Blue for MR imaging-guided enhanced NIR-II photothermal-chemodynamic therapy via HSP70 inhibition against triple-negative breast cancer},
year = {2026},
journal = {Nano Research},
keywords = {photothermal therapy, triple-negative breast cancer, Ho-doped Prussian Blue, NIR-II theranostics, nanozyme synergy},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NR.2026.94908898},
doi = {10.26599/NR.2026.94908898},
abstract = {Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a tough clinical challenge due to its chemoresistance, deep invasiveness, and thermal tolerance during photothermal therapy (PTT). Pristine Prussian Blue (PB) nanoparticles are limited by NIR-I absorption, weak nanozyme activity, and lack of imaging capability. Herein, we developed liposome-coated holmium-doped PB (HoPB@Lip) with an optimal Ho/Fe ratio of 0.4 as a multifunctional theranostic platform. Ho doping red-shifts the absorption to the NIR-II window with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.3% and enhances peroxidase-like activity for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). It also boasts a T2 relaxivity of 218.3 mM-¹s-¹, enabling high-contrast MR imaging. In vitro and in vivo experiments on 4T1 TNBC models demonstrated that synergistic PTT-CDT inhibited tumor growth by ~95%. Reactive oxygen species generated by HoPB@Lip suppressed HSP70 expression via oxidative inactivation of heat shock factor 1, effectively overcoming tumor thermal tolerance. Notably, HoPB@Lip exhibited excellent systemic biocompatibility without organ toxicity. This work integrates NIR-II PTT therapy, CDT, and MR imaging into one platform, providing a safe and precise theranostic strategy for TNBC with great clinical translation potential.}
}