@article{Wang2026, 
author = {Jiankun Wang and Peng Zhao and Qi Yang and Chenchen Yang and Yong Zhang and Puda Lu and Na Jiang and Yuhan Hao and Zhengjie Shang and Zhengbing Ren and Yifei Hou and Peng Huang and Xuejun Lu and Zhaodong Huang and Jieshan Qiu},
title = {Confined interfacial microenvironment design of hard carbon anodes for wide-temperature sodium-ion batteries},
year = {2026},
journal = {Nano Research Energy},
volume = {5},
pages = {e9120235},
keywords = {sodium-ion batteries, solid electrolyte interphase, carbon materials, low-concentration electrolyte, wide-temperature operation},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NRE.2026.9120235},
doi = {10.26599/NRE.2026.9120235},
abstract = {Low-concentration electrolytes hold significant potential for the development of cost-effective sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), whereas they face persistent challenges in sustaining the cycling stability of hard carbon anodes, especially under wide-temperature operation. This issue arises from the poorly controlled solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed in low-concentration electrolytes, typically featured by an inhomogeneous, fragile, and kinetically sluggish inorganic inner layer. Herein, we report a confined interfacial microenvironment design strategy by reconstructing a low-concentration ether electrolyte using a trace amount of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS). SDS is proposed to spontaneously adsorb and enrich at the hard carbon-electrolyte interface, creating a locally concentrated and confined interfacial microenvironment. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses indicate that this interfacial enrichment reshapes the local coordination/association environment of Na+ during interfacial transport and desolvation, thereby promoting anion-involved interphase formation. This generates a thin SEI composed of an inner-layer rich in inorganic NaF and Na2S and an organic out-layer, achieving a rigid-flexible integrated interphase to mitigate high-temperature interfacial instability and low-temperature sluggish kinetics. Consequently, the assembled SIBs show an improved cycling stability from a low capacity retention of 47.61% after 250 cycles to a high value of 91.44% after 350 cycles and demonstrate wide-temperature adaptability ranging from −15 to 50 °C. This study provides a promising interfacial microenvironment design strategy to address the instability challenge of hard carbon for high-performance wide-temperature SIBs.}
}