@article{WU2026, 
author = {Yong-He WU and Yuan-Yuan CHEN and Xiao-Ling MA and Qing LI and Jing DU},
title = {Development of the Standard for Overall Reference Framework of Large Model for Education},
year = {2026},
journal = {Modern Educational Technology},
volume = {36},
number = {4},
pages = {119-127},
keywords = {large model for education, reference framework, artificial intelligence, standard development},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.3969/j.issn.1009-8097.2026.04.013},
doi = {10.3969/j.issn.1009-8097.2026.04.013},
abstract = {As customized artificial intelligence models faced for educational scenarios, large model for education demonstrate significant potential in achieving personalized development, improving teaching quality, and promoting educational equity. However, the development of large model for education is confronted with challenges including data quality, algorithmic safety, and ethical responsibility, alongside issues such as inconsistent underlying architecture and insufficient educational adaptation, which urgently requires guidance and support from a relevant standards system. Based on this, the paper focused on the first standard released by the World Digital Education Alliance — Large Model for Education: Overall Reference Framework. This paper first introduced its connotation, status, challenges, and clarified its theoretical foundations and design principles to elucidate the construction logic of the framework development. Subsequently, this paper elaborated on its core content, pointing out that the framework adopted a five-layer architecture (from bottom to top: infrastructure layer, data layer, model layer, interface layer, and application layer) and incorporated two key elements: “security, ethics and privacy” and “governance”. The development of the standard for overall reference framework of large model for education provided standardized support for the construction of large model for education, contributing to their scientific, orderly, and trustworthy development, and further promoting the digital transformation and high-quality development of education.}
}