@article{Gao2026, 
author = {Zhiying Gao and Hui Xu and Qiushi Dai and Yali Liang and Runhui Zhao and Bo Wang and Zhaoyu Rong and Jinyan Li and Ailin Bao and Jiace Cheng and Wen Li and Hailong Qiu and Feng Huo and Jingzhao Chen and Yongfu Tang and Jianyu Huang},
title = {Revealing the electrochemistry of all-solid-state Li-CO2 batteries via in-situ and cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy},
year = {2026},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {19},
number = {7},
pages = {94908658},
keywords = {Li-CO2 batteries, electrochemistry, all-solid-state, Li-Ag alloy, in-situ and cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (in-situ and cryo-TEM)},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NR.2026.94908658},
doi = {10.26599/NR.2026.94908658},
abstract = {Li-CO2 batteries have attracted wide attentions due to their dual roles both in CO2 capture and as sustainable energy storage devices. However, the electrochemistry of Li-CO2 batteries, especially for all-solid-state (ASS) Li-CO2 batteries, remains unclear due to the complicated electro-catalytic reactions. Here, we first reveal the reaction and failure mechanisms of ASS Li-CO2 batteries using Ag nanowires (NWs) as the cathode catalyst. During discharge, the Ag NWs react with Li ions to in-situ form Li-Ag alloy, which facilitates the CO2 reduction to generate LiAg3O2 nanoparticles dispersed uniformly in film-like Li2CO3 and amorphous carbon (a-C). During charge, Li2CO3 is decomposed to CO2 under the catalysis of Ag. During both charge and discharge, the Ag NW surfaces are corroded and disintegrated into nanocrystalline Ag, LiAg3O2, and single-atom Ag, and the continuously accumulated a-C layer wraps up the broken Ag NWs, isolating the Ag NWs with CO2 gas, thus shutting off the electrochemical reactions in the Li-CO2 batteries. This study unveils the electrochemistry and failure mechanisms of ASS Li-CO2 batteries, which provides a scientific basis for developing CO2-based carbon fixation and renewable energy storage strategies.}
}