@article{HE2025, 
author = {Jingyuan HE and Manhua XIAO and Jianfei YOU and Liyue CHEN and Jian ZHU and Chengpeng LU},
title = {Spatiotemporal evolution patterns of groundwater storage variations in hilly area of Jiangxi Province based on downscaling analysis of GRACE data},
year = {2025},
journal = {Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences)},
volume = {53},
number = {6},
pages = {21-32},
keywords = {GRACE satellite, groundwater storage, STL, trend analysis, hilly area of Jiangxi Province},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.3876/j.issn.1000-1980.2025.06.003},
doi = {10.3876/j.issn.1000-1980.2025.06.003},
abstract = {To study the spatiotemporal characteristics of groundwater storage changes in the hilly areas of Jiangxi Province, based on the gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE)/GRACE-FO satellite inversion data from 2003 to 2023, a spatiotemporal evolution analysis framework of groundwater integrating downscaling reconstruction and trend identification was constructed, revealing the pattern of changes in groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA). The high-resolution reconstruction of GWSA was carried out through a deep learning model. The long-term trend component was extracted using seasonal-trend decomposition using LOESS (STL). The groundwater change trend and its significance were identified by combining the Mann-Kendall test and the Theil-Sen slope estimation method. The results show that the reconstructed high-resolution GWSA data clearly reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of groundwater storage in the hilly areas of Jiangxi Province; after STL, the sequence shows a significant long-term trend and stable seasonal fluctuations. From 2003 to 2023, the groundwater level in the entire province has risen slowly, and the overall long-term trend shows an evolution pattern of “recovery in northeastern and central regions but continuous depletion in southern regions”. Notably, Ganzhou City in southern Jiangxi exhibits a significant decline in groundwater storage, making it a representative groundwater-deficit zone. Groundwater variations exhibit compound characteristics, including regional disparities, phased evolution, and intensified high-frequency anomalies, indicating that the system remains unstable and is in a critical state vulnerable to further depletion.}
}