TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lei, Tian-Meng
AU  - Wang, Ye-Fei
AU  - Ding, Ming-Chen
AU  - Chen, Wu-Hua
AU  - Yu, Zhen-Ye
AU  - Huang, Zhi-Xue
AU  - Alexandrovna, Motorova Kseniya
PY  - 2025
TI  - Preparation and performance evaluation of a sand inhibiting and water control agent based on supramolecular interactions
JO  - Petroleum Science
SN  - 1672-5107
SP  - 5189
EP  - 5202
VL  - 22
IS  - 12
AB  - To address two key challenges (sand production and high water cut) in the development of loose sandstone reservoirs, a supramolecular sand inhibiting and water control agent, PDKM, was prepared using acrylamide (AM), methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), styrene (SM), and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) as monomers. The molecular structure and thermal stability of PDKM were confirmed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, and TGA. Compared with conventional agents containing only one or two functional monomers, PDM (AM/DMC) and PDSM (AM/DMC/SM), PDKM demonstrated superior sand inhibiting and water control performance due to the synergistic effects among its three functional monomers. PDKM forms a denser intermolecular network structure, resulting in a significantly lower average sand production rate (0.02 g/L) and a longer average sand breakthrough time (665 s), surpassing the “excellent” standard (≤ 0.05 g/L) specified in Q/SH 1020 2377-2020 for sand inhibitors. PDKM achieves a higher water–oil resistance ratio (6.47) and markedly reduces the produced fluid's water cut by 34.1%, greatly exceeding the “excellent” field criterion for water control agents (≥ 10% reduction). Theoretical simulation (DFT calculation) reveals strong intermolecular interactions, with PDKM–PDKM and PDKM–sand grain interaction energies of −0.065 and −0.085 Ha, providing a robust theoretical basis for its performance. These findings demonstrate that PDKM offers a promising and effective solution for the integrated control of sand production and water cut in loose sandstone reservoirs.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petsci.2025.07.022
DO  - 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.07.022