@article{Liu2025, 
author = {Dongming Liu and Mengfan Pei and Xin Jin and Lin Wang and Wanyuan Jiang and Borui Li and Runyue Mao and Xigao Jian and Fangyuan Hu},
title = {Designing electrolyte with multi-ether solvation structure enabling low-temperature sodium ion capacitor},
year = {2025},
journal = {International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing},
volume = {7},
number = {4},
keywords = {sodium ion capacitors, solvated structure, Na2O-rich SEI, low operating temperature},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1088/2631-7990/adbfe0},
doi = {10.1088/2631-7990/adbfe0},
abstract = {Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SICs), which combine the high energy density of batteries with the high power density and long cycle life of capacitors, are considered promising next-generation energy storage devices. Ensuring the performance of SICs in low-temperature environments is crucial for applications in high-altitude cold regions, where the desolvation process of Na+ and the transport process in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are determinant. In this paper, we proposed a multi-ether modulation strategy to construct a solvation sheath with multi-ether participation by modulating the coordination of Na+ and solvents. This unique solvation sheath not only reduces the desolvation energy barrier of Na+, but more importantly forms a Na2O-rich inorganic SEI and enhances the ionic dynamics of Na+. Benefiting from the excellent solvation structure design, SICs prepared with this electrolyte can achieve energy density of up to 178 Wh·kg‒1 and ultra-high power density of 42390 W·kg‒1 at room temperature. Notably, this SIC delivers record-high energy densities of 149 Wh·kg‒1 and 119 Wh·kg‒1 as well as power densities of up to 25 200 W·kg‒1 and 24 591 W·kg‒1 at ‒20 ℃ and ‒40 ℃, respectively. This work provides new ideas for the development of high-performance SICs for low-temperature operating environments.}
}