@article{CHU2025, 
author = {Hongdan CHU and Zhenhua WANG and Fan WANG and Zheng LIANG and Hongjun HE and Bo XU},
title = {Mechanism by Which Xanthohumol Induces Ferroptosis in SK-N-SH Human Neuroblastoma Cells},
year = {2025},
journal = {Food Science},
volume = {46},
number = {17},
pages = {170-179},
keywords = {ferroptosis, redox homeostasis, xanthohumol, human neuroblastoma},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250112-084},
doi = {10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250112-084},
abstract = {ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of xanthohumol (XN) on the proliferation inhibition and death mode of SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells and to explore the death mechanism of SK-N-SH cells from the perspective of redox homeostasis.MethodsCell viability was observed by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay to determine appropriate concentrations of XN for subsequent experiments. Flow cytometry was used to detect lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The effect of XN on intracellular Fe2+ levels was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The effect of XN on the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) was detected by Western blot analysis.ResultsXN inhibited the proliferation of SK-N-SH cells and induced cell death. After XN treatment, the level of lipid peroxidation significantly increased, the levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and glutathione (GSH) remarkably decreased, Fe2+ overload occurred, and the expression of GPX4 and FTH1 decreased. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, reversed cell proliferation inhibition and damage induced by XN and significantly attenuated XN-induced oxidative stress and Fe2+ overload.ConclusionXN induces ferroptosis in SK-N-SH cells by inducing redox imbalance and Fe2+ overload.}
}