@article{LI2025, 
author = {Gengzhao LI and Renliang SHAN and Haoyu DOU and Jing ZHANG and Bosen ZHOU and Yifei WANG},
title = {Transparency optimization of transparent soil based on fluid ratio and particle size},
year = {2025},
journal = {Journal of Mining Science and Technology},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {584-594},
keywords = {high transparency, transparent soil, Christensen principle, solid-liquid refractive index, solid particle size},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2025037},
doi = {10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2025037},
abstract = {High transparency is the prerequisite and guarantee for conducting large-scale transparent soil visualization experiments under complex conditions. In order to evaluate and configure transparent soil with high transparency, this study takes transparent soil as the research subject, with n-dodecane and No. 15 white mineral oil as pore fluid and fused silica sand as aggregate. We proposed a modified formula for the configuration of Christensen transmissivity based on optical principles, and verified the transparency optimization method through experiments. Results indicate that: ① Differences in solid-liquid refractive index and the particle size of solid particles are factors influencing transparency related to configuration of transparent soil itself. ② For transparent soil samples with the thickness of 100 mm, the upper and lower limits of the differences in refractive index were ±0.002 between solid and liquid. Within the theoretical temperature range of 0~50 ℃ (under normal pressure), for every 1 ℃ increase, the refractive index of the pore fluid decreased by about 0.000 4. ③ The ideal refractive index of pore fluid (1.458 5) at higher temperatures corresponded to a lower volume ratio of alkane to oil. ④ Transparent soil in the grade of light absorption coefficient in the colorless optical glass was between Grade 5 and 6.}
}