@article{SONG2025, 
author = {Yuqiang SONG and Yuanbo FU and Bin LI and Jingqing SUN and Peng CHEN and Shaosong WANG and Yizhan WANG and Bingcong ZHAO and Baijie LI and Yi XU and Baiqing WANG},
title = {Research status and development direction of transcutaneous electrical stimulation equipment},
year = {2025},
journal = {Chinese Acupuncture&Moxibustion},
volume = {45},
number = {7},
pages = {896-902},
keywords = {transcutaneous electrical stimulation equipment, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation, acupuncture instruments, development status},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240826-0003},
doi = {10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240826-0003},
abstract = {Transcutaneous electrical stimulation equipment is a kind of characteristic therapeutic devices developed on the basis of the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory and modern science and technology, which is widely used in clinical practice. Significant breakthroughs have been made in the development of related devices such as transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) devices, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) devices, and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) devices in recent years. Although the market for these devices is vast, there are still limitations that need to be optimized in terms of electrode materials and power supply methods, bulky instrument size, cumbersome wiring, restricted applications, and inadequate intelligent functionality. In the future, it is still necessary to further build upon the theoretical foundation of TCM acupuncture, integrate a variety of modern scientific technologies to advance the intelligence and modernization of acupuncture equipment, and thereby improving its capabilities to support clinical practice and research.}
}