@article{Wang2025, 
author = {Yujia Wang and Xin Pan and Zunqi Liu and Zhaojie Wu and Yiren Xiao and Ke Su and Yinghua Rao and Yuanhao Jian and Qingfeng Guo and Libing Liao and Lefu Mei},
title = {Self-reduction-induced Mn heterovalent coexistence for Vis–NIR dual-emission},
year = {2025},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Ceramics},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {9221118},
keywords = {self-reduction, oxygen vacancies, Mn-doped phosphors, dual-emission, visible–near-infrared},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221118},
doi = {10.26599/JAC.2025.9221118},
abstract = {To meet the growing demand for stable dual-emission phosphors for use in optoelectronic applications, this study investigated a self-reduction strategy with Mn-doped Li2ZnGe3O8 (LZGO) phosphors. The spinel-structured LZGO lattice enables the coexistence of Mn2+ and Mn4+ via oxygen vacancies and lattice defects, achieving visible (Vis) and near-infrared (NIR) dual emission without the need for external reducing agents. Spectroscopic analyses, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), confirmed the presence of heterovalent Mn states, with lifetimes of 3.63 ms (Mn2+) and 0.32 ms (Mn4+) under selective excitation. The LZGO:xMn system thus demonstrates excitation-tunable Vis-NIR luminescence and high stability, making it a cost-effective and environmentally friendly candidate for anticounterfeiting and bioimaging applications. This work presents a defect engineering-driven design concept for developing multifunctional redox-active phosphors with broad application prospects.}
}