@article{ZHU2025, 
author = {Di ZHU and Haodong LI and Zijun WANG and Qianling SHI and Hui LIU and Yishan QIN and Yuanyuan YAO and Zhewei LI and Hongfeng HE and Jinhui TIAN and Long GE and Yaolong CHEN and  Methodology and Technology Specialisation Committee of the STAR Working Group},
title = {STAR Guideline Terminology(Ⅱ): Clinical Question Formulation, Evidence Retrieval and Appraisal, and Recommendation Development},
year = {2025},
journal = {Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {756-764},
keywords = {guidelines, terminology, standardization, Scientific, Transparent and Applicable Rankings},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.12290/xhyxzz.2025-0169},
doi = {10.12290/xhyxzz.2025-0169},
abstract = {ObjectiveTo introduce and analyze guideline terminology related to clinical question formulation, evidence retrieval and appraisal, and recommendation development.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in guideline development manuals and relevant methodological literature, covering publications up to October 25, 2024. Terminology related to the three aforementioned stages of related to guideline development was extracted from the included literature, standardized, and refined through consensus meetings to finalize a comprehensive terminology list and definitions.ResultsA total of 30 guideline development manuals and 15 methodological articles were included, and 23 core terms were identified.ConclusionsIt is recommended to develop a standardized and scientifically sound guideline terminology system with unified naming, clear definitions, and alignment with the linguistic environment and usage habits in China. At the same time, it is essential to strengthen terminology training for both guideline developers and users based on this system, in order to deepen their correct understanding and proper application of guideline terminology.}
}