@article{Song2025, 
author = {Yaduo Song and Hao Zhang and Sanqi Guo and Chengye Lin and Zixu Wang and Xin Hu and Minglei Cao and Long Qie and Dinggen Li and Xiao Ji and Jinming Guo and Yonggang Yao and Yunhui Huang},
title = {Kinetically tunable O vacancies in LiFePO4 for improved Li+/e− conduction and high-rate cycling},
year = {2025},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {18},
number = {8},
pages = {94907598},
keywords = {LiFePO4, gas-assisted transient synthesis, oxygen vacancy, electronic conductivity, ionic transport},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NR.2025.94907598},
doi = {10.26599/NR.2025.94907598},
abstract = {Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) offers excellent structural and performance stability derived from the (PO4)3− polyanionic structure, which is beneficial for long-term usage. However, this inherent stability also comes along with intrinsically poor ionic and electronic conductivities, which have been notoriously plaguing its high-rate performance and broader applications. Here, we present a gas-assisted transient synthesis (GATS, ~ 30 s) of LFP with controllable oxygen vacancies (Ov) for enhanced rate performance yet without sacrificing structural integrity or cycling stability. Benefited by the ultrafast heating and a higher synthesis temperature, we revealed that the LFP synthesis in GATS followed an interface reaction mechanism (rapid core shrinking) with a low activation energy (Ea), thus reducing the synthesis time from ~ 16.5 h in tube furnace heating (TFH, often nuclei-growth mechanism) to merely seconds. The optimized LFP sample demonstrates an 8-fold enhancement in ionic conductivity and a 12-fold increase in electronic conductivity compared to LFP obtained by TFH and attains exceptional cycling stability even at high rates of 10 C, as evidenced by a higher capacity retention of 93.8% (vs. 63.6% of commercial LFP) after 1000 cycles. Our strategy offers a kinetic pathway for rapid synthesis and structural engineering of LFP, thus unlocking its potential for broader energy storage applications.}
}