@article{Wang2025, 
author = {Yiqun Wang and Kaiyou Liu and Jue Huang and Xiaofeng Wang and Keren Dai and Zheng You},
title = {Sensing-in-Energy microdevice for high-g shock via supercapacitor-wrapped inertial switch},
year = {2025},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {18},
number = {8},
pages = {94907526},
keywords = {heterogeneous integration, Sensing-in-Energy, supercapacitor-wrapped inertial switch, fuze microsystem, high-g shock},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NR.2025.94907526},
doi = {10.26599/NR.2025.94907526},
abstract = {Driven by “More than Moore”, miniaturization and multifunctional integration of micro-energy devices are emerging as critical pathways for next-generation compact microsystems. This study proposes a sensing-in-Energy (SiE) microdevice that immerses an inertial switch in a parallel-connected supercapacitor’s electrolyte, enabling simultaneous impact sensing and stable energy supply under extremely high gravitational acceleration (high-g) shocks (over 10,000 g). The SiE microdevice can be viewed as a high-amplitude shock sensor (raw signal peak > 50 mV) under high-frequency perspective, and a shock-resistant electrochemical power source (voltage fluctuation < 2%) under low-frequency perspective, while energy consumption reduces over 99.9% compared with conventional high-g sensor due to its event-driven mechanism. Sensing performance is boosted > 50% using multiphysics model combined with machine learning algorithm. Furthermore, a fuze microsystem was built based on SiE microdevice, achieving 150 μs-level ultrafast response. Three-layer penetration experiments have verified the engineering application of SiE microdevice and its fuze microsystem in smart munitions domains, providing a novel paradigm for heterogeneous microsystem in high-dynamic environments.}
}