@article{Zhang2026, 
author = {Qinren Zhang and Fan Zhou and Ning Meng and Kai Ma and Feng Ji and Xiaohua Zheng and Jingwen Lü and Quanyang Li},
title = {In vitro fermentation mediated by Akkermansia muciniphila caused lactate accumulation and blocked butyrate production via shaping functional bacterial community},
year = {2026},
journal = {Food Science and Human Wellness},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {9250490},
keywords = {In vitro fermentation, Akkermansia muciniphila, Hypertension, Acidification, Microbial community},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2025.9250490},
doi = {10.26599/FSHW.2025.9250490},
abstract = {To investigate the effect of Akkermansia muciniphila on hypertension, the study performed an in vitro fermentation on the feces of hypertensive patients. The experimental groups were hypertensive elderly (E), hypertensive elderly + A. muciniphila (EA), and hypertensive long-lived elderly (L). Results showed that the pH value decreased among the 3 groups and produced numerous lactate at 9 h. Then, the pH value increased and lactate was almost exhausted at 48 h in group E. However, compared to groups E and L, group EA showed lower pH value, lower butyrate level, and higher lactate level. Compared to group E in 9 h, EA significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Lactococcus and decreased Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. The relative abundances of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium increased in the group EA compared to group E, whereas the relative abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 decreased at 48 h. Metabolomics showed that A. muciniphila altered the levels of 9 metabolites with reduced trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid (TMAVA) related to hypertension. The lactate concentration showed positive correlation with Enterococcus and Bifidobacterium, and the butyrate concentration showed positive correlation with Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, indicating that metabolites shifts by those functional bacterial communities. These results present a potential perspective for A. muciniphila mediated microbial micro-environment change to increase the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and lactate production.}
}