@article{Jang2026, 
author = {Seo-Yun Jang and Sung Hun Yi and Hyeon-A Song and Min-Ji Park and Kyung-Sook Chung and Jong Kil Lee and Jae Woong Choi and Nho-Eul Song and Young Kyoung Rhee and Kyung-Tae Lee},
title = {Immunostimulatory effects of dietary Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KCCM13334P from rice wine on macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice via toll-like receptor 2},
year = {2026},
journal = {Food Science and Human Wellness},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {9250476},
keywords = {Dietary Lactococcus lactis, Immunomodulatory, Toll-like receptor 2, Cyclophosphamide, Immune cell, Gut microbiota},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2025.9250476},
doi = {10.26599/FSHW.2025.9250476},
abstract = {Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KCCM13334P (KMGR) was isolated from Makgeolli, a traditional Korean rice wine. The study analyzed the genomic characteristics and performed functional annotation of the complete genome sequence. Results showed that IFN-γ-primed RAW 264.7 cells, treatment with KMGR (6.25, 12.50, or 25.00 μg/mL) significantly enhanced immune response mediator and cytokines production. KMGR significantly activated NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways. KMGR improved macrophage activity by stimulating TAK1 and TRAF6 via TLR2 signaling. In CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, KMGR administration recovered body weight and spleen and mesenteric lymph node indices. KMGR restored CTX-suppressed natural killer cell activity and populations of immune cells. Additionally, KMGR repaired the CTX-induced histological structure of the colon and the expression of tight junction proteins, mucin-2, and TLR2. KMGR treatment maintained a gut microbiota composition similar to the control groups. Taken together, our data suggest that KMGR shows potential as a functional postbiotic with immune-enhancing activity.}
}