@article{Wu2026, 
author = {Zihuan Wu and Haiqin Chen and Bo Yang and Jianxin Zhao and Wei Chen},
title = {Unveiling the safe dose range of the conjugated linolenic acid cis9,trans11,cis15-CLNA from Bifidobacterium breve},
year = {2026},
journal = {Food Science and Human Wellness},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
pages = {9250444},
keywords = {cis9,trans11,cis15-CLNA, Acute toxicity, Subchronic toxicity, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250444},
doi = {10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250444},
abstract = {Previous studies have demonstrated that cis9,trans11,cis15-CLNA (c9,t11,c15-CLNA), a metabolite of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM683, possesses anti-inflammatory properties in the intestine. However, its safety profile remains unexplored. This study establishes the safe dose range for c9,t11,c15-CLNA and investigates the potential damage pathways. The results indicate that the maximum safe dose for mice is lower than 625 mg/kg, primarily due to hepatocyte damage. In cellular experiments revealed that an overdose of c9,t11,c15-CLNA activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), leading to hepatic lipid accumulation. The addition of the PPAR-γ inhibitor partially mitigated this effect. In summary, this study established that the maximum tolerated dose of c9,t11,c15-CLNA in healthy adult C57BL/6N mice is 625 mg/kg. For human application, the estimated safe dose is below 50.62 mg/kg. Additionally, c9,t11,c15-CLNA was found to activate the PPAR-γ protein in the liver, leading to lipid accumulation within hepatic tissue.}
}