@article{Kong2024, 
author = {Debin Kong and Xinru Wei and Jinshu Yue and Changzhi Ji and Jianhang Yang and Guanzhong Ma and Xia Hu and Wenting Feng and Changming Mao and Zhongtao Li and Linjie Zhi},
title = {Advanced high-voltage and super-stable sodium–zinc hybrid ion batteries enabled by a hydrogel electrolyte},
year = {2024},
journal = {Energy Materials and Devices},
volume = {2},
number = {4},
pages = {9370050},
keywords = {electrochemistry, sodium–zinc hybrid ion battery, hydrogel electrolyte, aqueous secondary batteries},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/EMD.2024.9370050},
doi = {10.26599/EMD.2024.9370050},
abstract = {Aqueous secondary batteries are promising candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems owing to their excellent safety and cost-effectiveness. However, their commercialization faces considerable challenges owing to a limited electrochemical stability window and lower energy density. In this study, we present a rationally designed hydrogel electrolyte, featuring a distinctive polymer network and reduced free water content, created using a UV-curing method. This innovation results in an impressive ionic conductivity of 43 mS cm−1, high mechanical strength and an enhanced electrochemical stability window of up to 2.5 V (vs. Zn/Zn2+). The hybrid electrolyte demonstrates impressive viability and versatility, enabling compatibility with various cathode materials for use in both aqueous Na–Zn hybrid batteries and Zn-ion batteries. Notably, when paired with a Prussian blue cathode, the assembled hybrid batteries show remarkable cyclability, enduring over 6000 cycles with a minimal capacity decay of only 0.0096% per cycle at a high current density of 25 C. Additionally, the Zn||Na2MnFe(CN)6 full battery using the synthesized hydrogel electrolyte achieves a high energy density of approximately 220 Wh kg−1 and outstanding rate performance reaching up to 5 C. This research provides important insights for designing aqueous hybrid electrolytes that combine both high ionic conductivity and an expansive electrochemical stability window.}
}