@article{Tian2025, 
author = {Yiming Tian and Pingsheng Zhong and Kai Zhou and Lufei Zheng and Jiali Ren},
title = {Simultaneous quantification of trace heavy metals in mushrooms using a three-dimensional highly reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensor},
year = {2025},
journal = {Food Science and Human Wellness},
volume = {14},
number = {6},
pages = {9250142},
keywords = {Electrochemical sensor, 3D-HRGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite, Mushrooms, Heavy metals, Rapid and simultaneous detection},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250142},
doi = {10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250142},
abstract = {The accumulation of heavy metals in mushrooms has presented a significant risk to human health, underscoring the importance of devising a portable and cost-effective method for detecting heavy metals. Thus, we have developed an electrochemical sensor based on 3-dimensional highly reduced graphene oxide (3D-HRGO) in conjunction with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, enabling the simultaneous quantification of Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+. The 3D-HRGO/Fe3O4 nano-particles material prepared in this study was characterized and confirmed by multiple techniques, then dispersed in a simple and environmental dispersant, consist of 75% ethanol and 0.1% Nafion, and coating on a glass carbon electrode (GCE) to preparing a 3D-HRGO/Fe3O4/GCE sensor. The limit of detection (LOD) of 3D-HRGO/Fe3O4/GCE sensor for Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ in simultaneous detection were 0.2, 0.6, 0.6, and 0.9 μg/L, respectively. The sensor demonstrates exceptional stability, reproducibility, anti-interference, and recovery rate. Furthermore, the electrochemical sensor was employed to detect heavy metals in actual mushrooms and validated through conventional methodologies. This study represents the pioneering utilization of 3D-HRGO/Fe3O4 as a foundational material for an electrochemical sensor capable of simultaneous detection of multiple metals, thereby advancing the progress of on-site and expeditious detection techniques.}
}