@article{Li2023, 
author = {Jiamao Li and Zexing Wang and Yunfeng Guo and Songlin Ran},
title = {Influences of substituting of (Ni1/3Nb2/3)4+ for Ti4+ on the phase compositions, microstructures, and dielectric properties of Li2Zn[Ti1−x(Ni1/3Nb2/3)x]3O8 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) microwave ceramics},
year = {2023},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Ceramics},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {760-777},
keywords = {Li2ZnTi3O8 ceramics, microwave dielectric properties, microstructure, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JAC.2023.9220718},
doi = {10.26599/JAC.2023.9220718},
abstract = {Complex ion substitution is gaining more attention as an appealing method of modifying the structure and performance of microwave ceramics. In this work, Li2Zn[Ti1−x(Ni1/3Nb2/3)x]3O8 (LZTNNx, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) ceramics were designed based on the complex ion substitution strategy, following the substitution rule of radius and valence to investigate the relationship among phase compositions (containing oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ ions), microstructures, and microwave dielectric characteristics of the LZTNNx ceramics. The samples maintained a single Li2ZnTi3O8 solid solution phase as x ≤ 0.2, whereas the sample of x = 0.3 produced a second phase with the LiNbO3 structure. The appropriate amount of (Ni1/3Nb2/3)4+ substitution could slightly improve the densification of the LZTNNx ceramics due to the formation of the Li2ZnTi3O8 solid solution accompanied by a decrease in the average grain size. The presence of a new A1g Raman active band at about 848 cm−1 indicated that local symmetry changed, affecting atomic interactions of the LZTNNx ceramics. The variation of the relative dielectric constant (εr) was closely related to the molar volume ionic polarizability ( αDT), and the temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency (τf) was related to the bond valence (Vi) of Ti. The increase in density, the absence of the Ti3+ ions and oxygen vacancies, and the reduction in damping behavior were responsible for the decreased dielectric loss. The LZTNN0.2 ceramics sintered at 1120 ℃ exhibited favorable microwave dielectric properties: εr = 22.13, quality factor (Q×f) = 97,350 GHz, and τf = −18.60 ppm/℃, which might be a promising candidate for wireless communication applications in highly selective electronics.}
}