@article{ZHOU2022, 
author = {Xuefan ZHOU and Huiping YANG and Guoliang XUE and Hang LUO and Dou ZHANG},
title = {Optimized strain performance in <001>-textured Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based ceramics with ergodic relaxor state and core–shell microstructure},
year = {2022},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Ceramics},
volume = {11},
number = {10},
pages = {1542-1558},
keywords = {core–shell structure, Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)-based ceramics, ergodic relaxor (ER) state, <001>, crystallographic texture, optimized strain performance},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s40145-022-0628-9},
doi = {10.1007/s40145-022-0628-9},
abstract = {Herein, a high strain of ~0.3% with a small hysteresis of 43% is achieved at a low electric field of 4 kV/mm in the highly <001>-textured 0.97(0.76Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–0.24SrTiO3)–0.03NaNbO3 (BNT–ST–0.03NN) ceramics with an ergodic relaxor (ER) state, leading to a large normalized strain (d33*) of 720 pm/V. The introduction of NN templates into BNT–ST induces the grain orientation growth and enhances the ergodicity. The highly <001>-textured BNT–ST–0.03NN ceramics display a pure ergodic relaxor state with coexisted ferroelectric R 3¯c and antiferroelectric P4bm polar nanoregions (PNRs) on nanoscale. Moreover, due to the incomplete interdiffusion between the NN template and BNT–ST matrix, the textured ceramics present a core–shell structure with the antiferroelectric NN core, and thus the BNT-based matrix owns more R 3¯c PNRs relative to the homogeneous nontextured samples. The high <001> crystallographic texture and more R 3¯c PNRs both facilitate the relaxor-to-ferroelectric transition, leading to the low-field-driven high strain, while the ergodic relaxor state ensures a small hysteresis. Furthermore, the d33* value remains high up to 518 pm/V at 100 ℃ with an ultra-low hysteresis of 6%.}
}