@article{Xia2023, 
author = {Xiaoyu Xia and Yajun Zhao and Yi Zhao and Minggui Xu and Wen Liu and Xiaoming Sun},
title = {Mo doping provokes two electron reaction in MnO2 with ultrahigh capacity for aqueous zinc ion batteries},
year = {2023},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
pages = {2511-2518},
keywords = {zinc ion batteries, Mo-doped MnO2, Jahn–Teller distortion, two-electron reaction, high energy density},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-022-5057-0},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-022-5057-0},
abstract = {Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) based on manganese dioxide (MnO2) have received much attention for large-scale energy storage applications, however, their energy density is mainly limited by the one-electron reaction of Mn4+/Mn3+ redox. Herein, Mo doped δ-MnO2 (Mo-MnO2) is prepared and used as a high-performance cathode for AZIBs, which delivers an ultrahigh specific capacity of 652 mAh·g−1 at 0.2 A·g−1 based on the two-step two-electron redox reaction of Mn4+  ⇌ Mn3+  ⇌ Mn2+. Ex-situ structural analysis and density functional theory calculation reveal that the Mo5+ dopant plays an important role in enhancing the electronic conductivity of Mo-MnO2 and promoting Jahn–Teller distortion of octahedral [MnO6] in ZnMn2O4, which facilitates the second step redox reaction of Mn3+/Mn2+. This work provides a novel cathode materials design with multi-electron redox chemistry to achieve high energy density in AZIBs.}
}