@article{Li2023, 
author = {Fangyi Li and Jizhou Jiang and Jiamei Wang and Jing Zou and Wei Sun and Haitao Wang and Kun Xiang and Pingxiu Wu and Jyh-Ping Hsu},
title = {Porous 3D carbon-based materials: An emerging platform for efficient hydrogen production},
year = {2023},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {127-145},
keywords = {hydrogen production, porous three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based materials, advanced synthesis},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-022-4799-z},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-022-4799-z},
abstract = {Due to their unique properties and uninterrupted breakthrough in a myriad of clean energy-related applications, carbon-based materials have received great interest. However, the low selectivity and poor conductivity are two primary difficulties of traditional carbon-based materials  (zero-dimensional  (0D)/one-dimensional  (1D)/two-dimensional  (2D)), enerating  inefficient  hydrogen  production and impeding the future commercialization of carbon-based  materials. To improve hydrogen production, attempts are made to enlarge the surface area of porous three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based materials, achieve uniform interconnected porous channels, and enhance their stability, especially under extreme conditions. In this review, the structural advantages and performance improvements of porous carbon nanotubes (CNTs), g-C3N4, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MXenes, and biomass-derived carbon-based materials are firstly summarized, followed by discussing the mechanisms involved and assessing the performance of the main hydrogen production methods. These include, for example, photo/electrocatalytic hydrogen production, release from methanolysis of sodium borohydride, methane decomposition, and pyrolysis-gasification. The role that the active sites of porous carbon-based materials play in promoting charge transport, and enhancing electrical conductivity and stability, in a hydrogen production process is discussed. The current challenges and future directions are also discussed to provide guidelines for the development of next-generation high-efficiency hydrogen 3D porous carbon-based materials prospected.}
}