@article{Wang2023, 
author = {Ping Wang and Yu-Jie Guo and Wan-Ping Chen and Hui Duan and Huan Ye and Hu-Rong Yao and Ya-Xia Yin and Fei-Fei Cao},
title = {Self-supported hard carbon anode from fungus-treated basswood towards sodium-ion batteries},
year = {2023},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {3832-3838},
keywords = {anode, sodium-ion battery, hard carbon, fungus-pretreated basswood},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-022-4708-5},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-022-4708-5},
abstract = {Hard carbon derived from biomass is regarded as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its low operating potential, high capacity, resource availability, and low cost. However, scientific and technological challenges still exist to prepare hard carbon with a high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), an excellent rate capability, and good cycling stability. In this work, we report a self-supported hard carbon electrode from fungus-pretreated basswood with an improved graphitization degree and a low tortuosity. Compared with the hard carbon derived from basswood, the hard carbon electrode from fungus-pretreated basswood has an improved rate capability of 242.3 mAh·g−1 at 200 mA·g−1and cycling stability with 93.9% of its capacity retention after 200 cycles at 40 mA·g−1, as well as the increased ICE from 84.3% to 88.2%. Additionally, ex-situ X-ray diffraction indicates that Na+ adsorption caused the sloping capacity, whereas Na+ intercalation between interlayer spacing corresponded to the low potential plateau capacity. This work provides a new perspective for the preparation of high-performance hard carbon and gains the in-depth understanding of Na storage mechanism.}
}