@article{Averyanov2023, 
author = {Dmitry V. Averyanov and Ivan S. Sokolov and Alexander N. Taldenkov and Oleg E. Parfenov and Andrey M. Tokmachev and Vyacheslav G. Storchak},
title = {Submonolayer Eu superstructures—A class of 2D magnets},
year = {2023},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {1500-1506},
keywords = {surface reconstruction, superstructure, submonolayer, germanium, two-dimensional (2D) magnetism},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-022-4694-7},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-022-4694-7},
abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials promise unconventional properties and quantum phases as well as advances in ultra-compact spintronics. Miniaturization of 2D magnets often reaches a single monolayer but in general can go beyond this limit, as demonstrated by 2D magnetism of submonolayer Eu superstructures coupled with Si. The question is whether the submonolayer magnetism constitutes a general phenomenon. Herein, we demonstrate that regular Eu lattices form a class of 2D magnets displaying various structures, stoichiometries, and chemical bonding. We synthesized and studied a set of Eu superstructures on Ge(001). Their magnetic properties are consistent with the emergence of a magnetic order such as ferro- or ferrimagnetism. In particular, control over the magnetic transition temperature by weak magnetic fields indicates the 2D nature of the magnetism. Taken together, Eu/Ge and Eu/Si superstructures seed a nucleus of the research area addressing the emergence of magnetism in submonolayer chemical species.}
}