@article{XU2022, 
author = {Yangsen XU and Xi XU and Lei BI},
title = {A high-entropy spinel ceramic oxide as the cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells},
year = {2022},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Ceramics},
volume = {11},
number = {5},
pages = {794-804},
keywords = {cathode, high-entropy oxides, proton-conducting oxides, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s40145-022-0573-7},
doi = {10.1007/s40145-022-0573-7},
abstract = {A high-entropy ceramic oxide is used as the cathode for the first time for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H-SOFCs). The Fe0.6Mn0.6Co0.6Ni0.6Cr0.6O4 (FMCNC) high-entropy spinel oxide has been successfully prepared, and the in situ chemical stability test demonstrates that the FMCNC material has good stability against CO2. The first-principles calculation indicates that the high-entropy structure enhances the properties of the FMCNC material that surpasses their individual components, leading to lower O2 adsorption energy for FMCNC than that for the individual components. The H-SOFC using the FMCNC cathode reaches an encouraging peak power density (PPD) of 1052 mW·cm−2 at 700 ℃, which is higher than those of the H-SOFCs reported recently. Additional comparison was made between the high-entropy FMCNC cathode and the traditional Mn1.6Cu1.4O4 (MCO) spinel cathode without the high-entropy structure, revealing that the formation of the high-entropy material allows the enhanced protonation ability as well as the movement of the O p-band center closer to the Fermi level, thus improving the cathode catalytic activity. As a result, the high-entropy FMCNC has a much-decreased polarization resistance of 0.057 Ω·cm2 at 700 ℃, which is half of that for the traditional MCO spinel cathode without the high-entropy design. The excellent performance of the FMCNC cell indicates that the high-entropy design makes a new life for the spinel oxide as the cathode for H-SOFCs, offering a novel and promising route for the development of high-performance materials for H-SOFCs.}
}