@article{Shi2017, 
author = {Yujiao Shi and Sihua Yang and Da Xing},
title = {New insight into photoacoustic conversion efficiency by plasmon-mediated nanocavitation: Implications for precision theranostics},
year = {2017},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {10},
number = {8},
pages = {2800-2809},
keywords = {theranostics, photoacoustic imaging, conversion efficiency, nanocavitation},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-017-1483-9},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-017-1483-9},
abstract = {The probe-assisted integration of imaging and therapy into a single modality offers significant advantages in bio-applications. As a newly developed photoacoustic (PA) mechanism, plasmon-mediated nanocavitation, whereby photons are effectively converted into PA shockwaves, has excellent advantages for image-guided therapy. In this study, by simulating the laser absorption, temperature field, and nanobubble dynamics using both finite-element analysis and computational fluid dynamics, we quantified the cavitation-induced PA conversion efficiency of a water-immersed gold nanosphere, revealing new insights. Interestingly, sequential multi-bubble emission accompanied by high PA signal production occur under a single high-dose pulse of laser irradiation, enabling a cavitation-induced PA conversion efficiency up to 2%, which is ~50 times higher than that due to thermal expansion. The cavitation-induced PA signal has unique frequency characteristics, which may be useful for a new approach for in vivo nanoparticle tracking. Our work offers theoretical guidance for accurate diagnosis and controllable therapy based on plasmon-mediated nanocavitation.}
}