@article{Liu2017, 
author = {Mingyang Liu and Luqing Wang and Linan Zhou and Sidong Lei and Jarin Joyner and Yingchao Yang and Robert Vajtai and Pulickel Ajayan and Boris I. Yakobson and Pol Spanos},
title = {Characterization of tin(Ⅱ) sulfide defects/vacancies and correlation with their photocurrent},
year = {2017},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {218-228},
keywords = {SnS microspheres, mesoporous nanosheet assembly, defects/vacancies, positron annihilation, spectrometry, photocurrent.},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-016-1279-3},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-016-1279-3},
abstract = {The presence of defects/vacancies in nanomaterials influences the electronic structure of materials, and thus, it is necessary to study the correlation between the optoelectronic properties of a nanomaterial and its defects/vacancies. Herein, we report a facile solvothermal route to synthesize three-dimensional (3D) SnS nanostructures formed by {131} faceted nanosheet assembly. The 3D SnS nanostructures were calcined at temperatures of 350, 400, and 450 ℃ and used as counter electrodes, before their photocurrent properties were investigated. First principle computation revealed the photocurrent properties depend on the defect/vacancy concentration within the samples. It is very interesting that characterization with positron annihilation spectrometry confirmed that the density of defects/vacancies increased with the calcination temperature, and a maximum photocurrent was realized after treatment at 400 ℃. Further, the defect/vacancy density decreased when the calcination temperature reached 450 ℃ as the higher calcination temperature enlarged the mesopores and densified the pore walls, which led to a lower photocurrent value at 450 ℃ than at 400 ℃.}
}