@article{Hueso2017, 
author = {Karina B. Hueso and Verónica Palomares and Michel Armand and Teófilo Rojo},
title = {Challenges and perspectives on high and intermediate-temperature sodium batteries},
year = {2017},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {10},
number = {12},
pages = {4082-4114},
keywords = {sodium, batteries, high-temperature, intermediate-temperature, electrolytes},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-017-1602-7},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-017-1602-7},
abstract = {Energy storage systems are selected depending on factors such as storage capacity, available power, discharge time, self-discharge, efficiency, or durability. Additional parameters to be considered are safety, cost, feasibility, and environmental aspects. Sodium-based batteries (Na-S, NaNiCl2) typically require operation temperatures of 300-350 ℃. The high operating temperatures substantially increase the operating costs and raise safety issues. This updated review describes the state-of-the-art materials for high-temperature sodium batteries and the trends towards the development and optimization of intermediate and low-temperature devices. Recent advances in inorganic solid electrolytes, glass-ceramic electrolytes, and polymer solid electrolytes are of immense importance in all-solid-state sodium batteries. Systems such as Na+ super ionic conductor (NASICON, Na1+xZr2P3-xSixO12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3)), glass-ceramic 94Na3PS4·6Na4SiS4, and polyethylene oxide (PEO)-sodium triflate (NaCF3SO3) are also discussed. Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are also included as novel electrolyte solvents. This update discusses the progress of on-going strategies to enhance the conductivity, optimize the electrolyte/electrode interface, and improve the cell design of emerging technologies. This work aims to cover the recent advances in electrode and electrolyte materials for sodium-sulfur and sodium-metal-halide (zeolite battery research Africa project (ZEBRA)) batteries for use at high and intermediate temperatures.}
}