@article{Lv2016, 
author = {Chunlin Lv and Hao Cheng and Wei He and Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah and Congqiao Xu and Xiangjian Meng and Lei Jiao and Shiqiang Wei and Jun Li and Lei Liu and Yadong Li},
title = {Pd3 cluster catalysis: Compelling evidence from in operando spectroscopic, kinetic, and density functional theory studies},
year = {2016},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {9},
number = {9},
pages = {2544-2550},
keywords = {palladium, metal cluster catalysis, operando studies, active species, cycloisomerization},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-016-1140-8},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-016-1140-8},
abstract = {Identification of metal cluster catalysis is a topic that is being investigated since a long time. Here, we report a Pd3 metal cluster catalytic reaction investigated by means of operando studies. We discovered that atomically defined tri-nuclear palladium (Pd3) is a surprisingly active catalyst for the cycloisomerization of 2-phenylethynylaniline. Operando 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray extended absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have indicated that the structural integrity of such a catalyst remains intact throughout the reaction, which has also been confirmed by an ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study and catalyst recycling experiments. Kinetic data derived from operando IR spectroscopy measurements have shown that Pd3 is the active catalytic species. Density functional theory calculations have revealed a reaction pathway consistent with the kinetic data, further supported by NMR titration and X-ray crystal structure studies. Overall, the present study presents a clear example of metal cluster catalysis.}
}