@article{Sun2020, 
author = {Tianjiang Sun and Chang Liu and Jiayue Wang and Qingshun Nian and Yazhi Feng and Yan Zhang and Zhanliang Tao and Jun Chen},
title = {A phenazine anode for high-performance aqueous rechargeable batteries in a wide temperature range},
year = {2020},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {13},
number = {3},
pages = {676-683},
keywords = {aqueous rechargeable batteries, phenazine, Na0.44MnO2, alkali-ion electrolyte, wide temperature},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-020-2674-3},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-020-2674-3},
abstract = {Aqueous rechargeable batteries are a possible strategy for large-scale energy storage systems. However, limited choices of anode materials restrict their further application. Here we report phenazine (PNZ) as stable anode materials in different alkali-ion (Li+, Na+, K+) electrolyte. A novel full cell is assembled by phenazine anode, Na0.44MnO2 cathode and 10 M NaOH electrolyte to further explore the electrochemical performance of phenazine anode. This battery is able to achieve high capacity (176.7 mAh·g-1 at 4 C (1.2 A·g-1)), ultralong cycling life (capacity retention of 80% after 13,000 cycles at 4 C), and excellent rate capacity (92 mAh·g-1 at 100 C (30 A·g-1)). The reaction mechanism of PNZ during charge-discharge process is demonstrated by in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, the system is able to successfully operate at wide temperature range from -20 to 70 °C and achieves remarkable electrochemical performance.}
}