@article{Wang2015, 
author = {Cheng-Cai Wang and Qing-Jie Li and Liang Chen and Yong-Hong Cheng and Jun Sun and Zhi-Wei Shan and Ju Li and Evan Ma},
title = {Ultrafast shape change and joining of small-volume materials using nanoscale electrical discharge},
year = {2015},
journal = {Nano Research},
volume = {8},
number = {7},
pages = {2143-2151},
keywords = {nanoscale, metal, electrical discharge, welding, metallic glass},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s12274-014-0685-7},
doi = {10.1007/s12274-014-0685-7},
abstract = {Using nanoscale electrical-discharge-induced rapid Joule heating, we developed a method for ultrafast shape change and joining of small-volume materials. Shape change is dominated by surface-tension-driven convection in the transient liquid melt, giving an extremely high strain rate of ~106 s–1. In addition, the heat can be dissipated in small volumes within a few microseconds through thermal conduction, quenching the melt back to the solid state with cooling rates up to 108 K·s-1. We demonstrate that this approach can be utilized for the ultrafast welding of small-volume crystalline Mo (a refractory metal) and amorphous Cu49Zr51 without introducing obvious microstructural changes, distinguishing the process from bulk welding.}
}