@article{WANG2015, 
author = {Xiao-Hui WANG and I-Wei CHEN and Xiang-Yun DENG and Yu-Di WANG and Long-Tu LI},
title = {New progress in development of ferroelectric and piezoelectric nanoceramics},
year = {2015},
journal = {Journal of Advanced Ceramics},
volume = {4},
number = {1},
pages = {1-21},
keywords = {ferroelectric, piezoelectric, barium titanate, size effect, nanoceramic},
url = {https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1007/s40145-015-0132-6},
doi = {10.1007/s40145-015-0132-6},
abstract = {There has been great progress in the last decade in the synthesis of nanopowders with highly controlled size and size distribution. Meanwhile, the development of an unconventional pressureless two-step sintering strategy enabling densification without grain growth provides a novel technology suitable for commercial production of nanograin ceramics. The particular interest concerning bulk dense nanograin ceramics is the manifestation of ferroelectricity, which remains a fundamental issue to be understood and exploited. Combining the best powder synthesis and optimized two-step sintering, high-density barium titanate (BT) and related nanograin ceramics have been fabricated to allow for a detailed determination of the size effect on nanometer-scale ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity of fundamental and industrial interest. These include dense ceramics of undoped BT with an average grain size down to 5 nm, and of (1−x)BiScO3−xPbTiO3 (BSPT) solid solutions with an average grain size down to 10 nm. Here we review the fabrication methods of high-density BT and BSPT nanoceramics and the major findings of the size effect on their microstructure, phase transition and electrical properties. Robust ferroelectricity is demonstrated for the first time in 5 nm BT nanoceramics, while strong local piezoelectricity is present in 10 nm BSPT nanoceramics.}
}