AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Scientia Agricultura Sinica Article
PDF (853.3 KB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Publishing Language: Chinese

Effects of Green Manure Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Wheat Field and Grain Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area

Bo YIN, AiZhong YU( ), PengFei WANG, XueHui YANG, YuLong WANG, YongPan SHANG, DongLing ZHANG, YaLong LIU, Yue LI, Feng WANG
College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070
Show Author Information

Abstract

【Objective】

In order to solve the problems of long-term continuous cropping of wheat and high amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the production process in the arid irrigation area of Northwest China, the effects of green manure returning combined with reduced nitrogen application on soil hydrothermal variation characteristics and yield of wheat were studied, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the optimization of nitrogen application system in this area.

【Method】

The field experiment was carried out in Wuwei Oasis Agricultural Experimental Station from 2021 to 2022. The treatments included no green manure (G0) and conventional nitrogen application (N1), as well as three green manure returning treatments (G1, G2, G3, applying green manure 15 000, 22 500, 30 000 kg·hm-2, respectively) and two nitrogen fertilizer reduction treatments (N2, N3, reducing 15% and 30% compared with conventional nitrogen application, respectively). The effects of green manure returning combined with nitrogen reduction on soil water and heat variation characteristics, leaf area index and yield of wheat field were analyzed.

【Result】

The green manure returning combined with nitrogen reduction could increase soil water storage in 0-120 cm soil layer of wheat field. Compared with G0N1, G2N2, G3N2 and G3N3 increased soil water storage by 4.0%-7.8%. Among them, G3N2 maintained higher soil water content in all soil layers during sowing, vegetative, reproductive and harvesting stages. From sowing to jointing stage, the soil temperature under G2N2, G3N2 and G3N3 increased by 0.6-1.3 ℃ and the soil accumulated temperature increased by 24.8-55.3 ℃ compared with G0N1. From the filling stage to the mature stage, the soil temperature of each green manure returning combined with nitrogen reduction treatment was 0.4-1.0 ℃ lower than that under G0N1, and the soil accumulated temperature decreased by 7.9-20.0 ℃. At the same time, the temperature change range under G3N2 in soil warming and cooling stage was smaller than that under other treatments. Green manure returning combined with nitrogen reduction significantly increased the leaf area index of wheat from booting stage to maturity stage, providing sufficient photosynthetic source for dry matter accumulation at late growth stage. Under this condition, compared with G0N1, the biomass and grain yield of wheat increased by 13.7%-28.0% and 11.7%-31.3%, respectively, and the increase under G3N2 was the largest. Correlation analysis showed that grain yield and its components were significantly positively correlated with leaf area index, soil water content and soil temperature in 0-60 cm soil layer. Structural equation model analysis found that soil hydrothermal conditions indirectly affected yield changes by directly affecting leaf area index.

【Conclusion】

Green manure returning combined with nitrogen reduction could improve the soil hydrothermal environment of wheat field and increase the leaf area index of wheat, so as to obtain high yield. Therefore, 30 000 kg·hm-2 green manure+15% nitrogen reduction was the best green manure nitrogen fertilizer application mode to optimize the field hydrothermal environment and obtain high yield in oasis irrigation area.

Keywords

wheatgreen manure returningnitrogen fertilizer reductionsoil hydrothermal characteristicsleaf area indexgrain yieldoasis irrigation area

References

[1]
FU H R, LI T Y, CAO H B, ZHANG W F. Research on the driving factors of fertilizer reduction in China. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(3): 561-580. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[2]
ZHANG L, HUANG J, GAO J S, CAO W D, GAO P, YANG Z C. Effects of long-term green manure and reducing nitrogen applications on rice yield and soil nutrient content. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(5): 106-112. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[3]
LIAO N, HOU Z A, LI Q, RU S B, BO H J. Increase effect of biochar on cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different nitrogen application levels. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(3): 782-791. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[4]
GAO S J, ZHOU G P, CHANG D N, LIANG H, NIE J, LIAO Y L, LU Y H, XU C X, LIU J, WU J, HAN S, WANG H, LIU C Z, LV Y H, HUANG Y B, HE C M, GENG M J, WANG J H, HE T G, LI Z Y, LIANG H, LI S, REES R M, THORUP-KRISTENSEN K, CAO W D. Southern China can produce more high-quality rice with less N by green manuring. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2023, 196: 107025.
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
LI H R, LI Y M, LI R Q. Research progress on the effect of irrigation and nitrogen application on wheat yield formation and soil fertility. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2022, 42(2): 196-210. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[6]
ZHAO Y, LUO Z, YANG L, WANG B B, LI L Y, WANG B, MA S Y, FAN Y H, HUANG Z L, ZHANG W J. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on nitrogen translocation, dry matter accumulation, yield and quality of wheat after rice. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2022, 42(8): 1001-1011. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[7]
HUANG M, WU J Z, LI Y J, FU G Z, ZHAO K N, ZHANG Z W, YANG Z S, HOU Y Q. Effects of tillage practices and nitrogen fertilizer application rates on grain yield, protein content in winter wheat and soil nitrate residue in dryland. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(24): 5206-5219. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.24.004. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[8]
YANG R, SONG S J, CHEN S Y, DU Z Y, KONG J Q. Adaptive evaluation of green manure rotation for a low fertility farmland system: Impacts on crop yield, soil nutrients, and soil microbial community. Catena, 2023, 222: 106873.
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]
WANG P F, YU A Z, WANG Y L, SU X X, CHAI J, LI Y, LÜ H Q, SHANG Y P, YANG X H. Effects of multiple cropping green manure after wheat harvest combined with reduced nitrogen application on soil hydrothermal characteristics and maize yield. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(10): 2793-2805. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[10]
MEYER N, BERGEZ J E, CONSTANTIN J, BELLEVILLE P, JUSTES E. Cover crops reduce drainage but not always soil water content due to interactions between rainfall distribution and management. Agricultural Water Management, 2020, 231: 105998.
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]
CHEN J, ZHANG C, CHEN Y P, AMMAR R, CAO W D, GAO Y J, WANG C H, HUANG D L, ZHANG D B. Effects of different green manure crops and mulching approaches on wheat yield and soil moisture dynamics in the dryland region. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(12): 2136-2148. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[12]
GARCÍA-GONZÁLEZ I, HONTORIA C, GABRIEL J L, ALONSO-AYUSO M, QUEMADA M. Cover crops to mitigate soil degradation and enhance soil functionality in irrigated land. Geoderma, 2018, 322: 81-88.
Crossref Google Scholar
[13]
THAPA R, TULLY K L, REBERG-HORTON C, CABRERA M, DAVIS B W, FLEISHER D, GASKIN J, HITCHCOCK R, PONCET A, SCHOMBERG H H, SEEHAVER S A, TIMLIN D, MIRSKY S B. Cover crop residue decomposition in no-till cropping systems: insights from multi-state on-farm litter bag studies. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2022, 326: 107823.
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]
XIE S, LIANG X Y, SONG M D, HAN M, LI Z P. Characteristics of mixed decay of wheat straw-hairy vetch on the Qinghai plateau. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(4): 754-762. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[15]
MIAN Y M, MIAO F F, WU P N, WANG Y N, HOU X Q. Effects of nitrogen application rates on soil water, temperature, carbon nitrogen, and maize yield in Yanghuang irrigation area. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering, 2021, 39(9): 950-958. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[16]
YANG B J, HUANG G Q, QIAN H Y. Effects of straw incorporation plus chemical fertilizer on soil temperature, root micro-organisms and enzyme activities. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2014, 51(1): 150-157. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[17]
GUAN G, TU S X, YANG J C, ZHANG J F, YANG L. A field study on effects of nitrogen fertilization modes on nutrient uptake, crop yield and soil biological properties in rice-wheat rotation system. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2011, 10(8): 1254-1261.
Crossref Google Scholar
[18]
YANG W T, WANG X W, XU J C, JIAO Q Q, LU M J, HUANG G Q. Effects of nitrogen application rates and soil water contents on ryegrass decomposition and nitrogen release in red soil. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2018, 37(9): 2589-2595. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[19]
HE J J, YAO Y L, CHENG R X, HUANG H J, HUA Y G, LUO P. The benefit analysis of young rubber trees inter-row green manure coverage. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2017(6): 155-162. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[20]
BLANCO-CANQUI H, MIKHA M M, PRESLEY D R, CLAASSEN M M. Addition of cover crops enhances No-till potential for improving soil physical properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2011, 75(4): 1471-1482.
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]
MA B J, CHEN G P, GOU Z W, YIN W, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, HE W. Water utilization and economic benefit of wheat multiple cropping with green manure under nitrogen reduction in Hexi irrigation area of Northwest China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(4): 740-754. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.04.009. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[22]
ZHANG A A, YANG Z H, DANG T H. Effects of deep straw burial combined with nitrogen reduction on water use of spring maize in dryland. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023, 37(1): 340-344, 353. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[23]
CHAI J, YU A Z, LI Y, WANG Y L, WANG F, WANG P F, LÜ H Q, YANG X H, SHANG Y P. Effects of green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on wheat yield and nitrogen utilization in oasis irrigated area. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(11): 3131-3140. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[24]
LI H T, CHAI Q, WANG Q M, HU F L, YU A Z, ZHAO C, YIN W, FAN Z L, FAN H. Water use characteristics of maize-green manure intercropping under different nitrogen application levels in the oasis irrigation area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(12): 2608-2618. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.12.011. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[25]
LI F L, HAO M D, YANG X, XU J J. Effects of fertilization on soil water and winter wheat yield in dry land of Loess Plateau. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2010, 30(1): 154-157. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[26]
ZHAO N, ZHAO H B, YU C W, DUAN C L, LI K Y, CAO Q H, CAO W D, GAO Y J. Effect of green manure in summer fallow period and nitrogen rate on winter wheat growth. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2010, 19(12): 41-47. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[27]
YIN T, YAO Z P, YAN C R, LIU Q, DING X D, HE W Q. Maize yield reduction is more strongly related to soil moisture fluctuation than soil temperature change under biodegradable film vs plastic film mulching in a semi-arid region of Northern China. Agricultural Water Management, 2023, 287: 108351.
Crossref Google Scholar
[28]
WANG G L, CHANG F D, ZHANG H Y, LU C, SONG J S, WANG J, PANG H C, LI Y Y. Effects of straw interlayer with different thickness on saline-alkali soil temperature, water content, and sunflower yield in Hetao irrigation area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(19): 4155-4168. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.19.011. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[29]
CUI A H, DU C L, HUANG G Q, WANG S B, ZHAO Q G. Effects of straw mulching amount on cotton growth and soil temperature in red soil drylands. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(2): 733-740. (in Chinese)
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]
WANG Z W, HAO W P, GONG D Z, MEI X R, WANG C T. Effect of straw mulch amount on dynamic changes of soil moisture and temperature in farmland. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2010, 31(2): 244-250. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[31]
FRØSETH R B, BLEKEN M A. Effect of low temperature and soil type on the decomposition rate of soil organic carbon and clover leaves, and related priming effect. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2015, 80: 156-166.
Crossref Google Scholar
[32]
LI Z Q, WANG J H, ZHANG X. A review on the research of decomposition and nutrients release of green manure. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2017(4): 8-16. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[33]
GUNTIÑAS M E, LEIRÓS M C, TRASAR-CEPEDA C, GIL- SOTRES F. Effects of moisture and temperature on net soil nitrogen mineralization: A laboratory study. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2012, 48: 73-80.
Crossref Google Scholar
[34]
LI R P, LUO Y, SUI P X, ZHENG H B, MING B, LI S K, WANG H, ZHENG J Y. Short-term effect of different returning methods of maize straw on the temperature of black soil plough layer. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(10): 2693-2702. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[35]
MEI L. Study on planting techniques and nutrient release characteristics of several green manure crops[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2012. (in Chinese)
[36]
LIU M, WU X L, LI M, XIONG T, LI C S, TANG Y L. Innovative no-till seeding technology improves yield and nitrogen use efficiency while reducing environmental pressure in wheat after rice harvesting. Soil and Tillage Research, 2024, 235: 105908.
Crossref Google Scholar
[37]
YIN F, HE X Q, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, YIN W, CHAI Q. Compensation of photosynthesis indexes and yield loss of wheat caused by nitrogen reduction with multiple cropping green manures. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(11): 1990-2000. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[38]
YANG Z, CHAI Q, WANG Y, GOU Z W, FAN Z L, HU F L, YIN W. Compensation of green manure on photosynthetic source and yield loss of wheat caused by reduced irrigation in Hexi oasis irrigation area. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(6): 1003-1014. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[39]
MA B J, GOU Z W, YIN W, YU A Z, FAN Z L, HU F L, ZHAO C, CHAI Q. Effects of multiple cropping green manure after wheat harvest and nitrogen application levels on wheat photosynthetic performance and yield in arid irrigated areas. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3501-3515. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.18.003. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[40]
LU B L, CHE Z X, ZHANG J D, BAO X G, WU K S, YANG R J. Effects of long-term intercropping of maize with hairy vetch root returning to field on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency under nitrogen fertilizer reduction. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(12): 2384-2397. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.12.010. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[41]
DU G H, ZHANG L, DING L, NIE L P, SHI P F, LÜ Y H, ZHANG L X, PAN Z L, SUN Q D. Effects of co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch and rice straw with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on rice yield and nitrogen nutrition balance. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 40(6): 1012-1019. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[42]
WANG H, ZHOU G P, CHANG D N, GAO S J, LIU R, LIAO Y L, LU Y H, ZENG N H, NIE J, CAO W D. Nitrogen reduction effects in double rice by planting and returning Chinese milk vetch to the field in Northern Hunan Province. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(1): 33-44. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[43]
LÜ F L, HOU M M, ZHANG H T, QIANGJIUCIREN, ZHOU Y T, LU G Y, ZHAO B Q, YANG X Y, ZHANG S L. Replacement ratio of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with manure under the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in Lou soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1): 22-32. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Volume 58 Issue 7,
April 2025
Pages 1366-1380
DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.07.010
Cite this article:
YIN B, YU A, WANG P, et al. Effects of Green Manure Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Wheat Field and Grain Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380. https://doi.org/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.07.010

88

Views

3

Downloads

0

Crossref

0

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 28 May 2024
Accepted: 09 October 2024
Published: 01 April 2025
© 2025 The Journal of Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Return