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Research Article | Open Access

A pilot study of clinical cell therapy for patients with vascular dementia

Yunliang Wang1, Xiaoling Guo2, Yanqiu Liu1, Yan Li2, Ying Liu3, Di Chen4, Juan Xiao4, Wenyong Gao4, Yajun Liu1, Bo Zhou2, Ran Liu1, Fei Liu5, Weidong Chen6, Deqiang Guo5, Gensheng Mao3, Hongyun Huang4( )
Neurological Center, The 960th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
Neurological Department, The 981st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
Institute of Neurorestoratology, The Third Medical Center of the General Hospital of The PLA, Beijing 100039, China
Beijing Hongtianji Neuroscience Academy, Beijing 100143, China
E.N.T. Department, The 960th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
E.N.T. Department, The 981st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
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Abstract

Background:

Vascular dementia (VD) is a series of clinical and neurophysiological manifestations caused by cerebrovascular disease. As the human lifespan increases, the number of people affected by age-related dementia is growing at an alarming pace, but no proved therapeutic methods can stop it from getting worse.

Objective:

To investigate the neurorestorative effects of injecting olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), Schwann cells (SCs), and olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) into olfactory sub-mucosa in VD patients.

Methods:

A pilot study of double-blind randomized controlled cell therapies was conducted in VD patients (n = 5). Cells were injected into the patients’ olfactory sub-mucosa. Two patients received OEC treatment, one received SC treatment, one ORN treatment, and one OEC combined with ORN. Mental state and cognitive function were observed before treatment and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) was performed before treatment and 12 months after treatment.

Results:

The directional function score on the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) in the patient who received SC treatment had increased slightly 1 and 3 months after treatment. The scores for orientation, attention, delayed verbal recall, and repetition increased in the ORN group patient 1 month after treatment. The orientation and repetition scores of the ORN group patient continued to increase 3 months after treatment. The scores for attention, delayed verbal recall, and phase 3 command decreased in the OEC and the OEC + ORN group patients after treatment assessment Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale also improved in the ORN group patient. Clinical and MRI or CT examinations did not find any side effects from the cell therapy or transplanting procedure.

Conclusion:

All of the cell transplantations were found to be safe. ORN was shown to be a promising therapy for VD patients. Phase II clinical trials of ORN, SC, and OEC therapy are required to verify their effects on VD symptoms, especially ORNs.

Keywords

vascular dementiacell therapycognitive evaluation;neurorestorative effects

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Journal of Neurorestoratology
Volume 9 Issue 2,
June 2021
Pages 137-150
DOI: 10.26599/JNR.2021.9040011
Cite this article:
Wang Y, Guo X, Liu Y, et al. A pilot study of clinical cell therapy for patients with vascular dementia. Journal of Neurorestoratology, 2021, 9(2): 137-150. https://doi.org/10.26599/JNR.2021.9040011

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Received: 08 May 2021
Revised: 05 June 2021
Accepted: 19 June 2021
Published: 05 June 2021
© The authors 2021

This article is published with open access at http://jnr.tsinghuajournals.com
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