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Open Access

State-of-the-Art Development of Complex Systems and Their Simulation Methods

Yiming Tang1,†, Lin Li1,†, Xiaoping Liu1( )
School of Computer and Information, and Engineering Research Center of Safety Critical Industry Measure and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China

contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

The research on complex systems is different from that on general systems because the former must consider self-organization, emergence, uncertainty, predetermination, and evolution. As an important method to transform the world, a simulation is one of the most important skills to discover complex systems. In this study, we provide a survey on complex systems and their simulation methods. Initially, the development history of complex system research is summarized from two main lines. Then, the eight common characteristics of the most complex systems are presented. Furthermore, the simulation methods of complex systems are introduced in detail from four aspects, namely, meta-synthesis methods, complex networks, intelligent technologies, and other methods. From the overall point of view, intelligent technologies are the driving force, and complex networks are the advanced structure. Meta-synthesis methods are the integration strategy, and other methods are the supplements. In addition, we show three complex system simulation examples: digital reactor simulation, simulation of a logistics system in the industrial site, and crowd evacuation simulation. The examples show that a simulation is a useful means and an important method in complex system research. Finally, the future development prospects for complex systems and their simulation methods are suggested.

Keywords

systems sciencecomplex systemscomplexitycomplex system simulation

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Complex System Modeling and Simulation
Volume 1 Issue 4,
December 2021
Pages 271-290
DOI: 10.23919/CSMS.2021.0025

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Cite this article:
Tang Y, Li L, Liu X. State-of-the-Art Development of Complex Systems and Their Simulation Methods. Complex System Modeling and Simulation, 2021, 1(4): 271-290. https://doi.org/10.23919/CSMS.2021.0025

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Received: 29 March 2021
Revised: 21 June 2021
Accepted: 09 October 2021
Published: 31 December 2021
© The author(s) 2021

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).