Optimal PV Array Configuration for Extracting Maximum Power Under Partial Shading Conditions by Mitigating Mismatching Power Losses

Praveen Kumar Bonthagorla; Suresh Mikkili

doi:10.17775/CSEEJPES.2019.02730

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022, 8(2): 499-510 https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2019.02730

Open Access | Issue | Published: 06 April 2020

Optimal PV Array Configuration for Extracting Maximum Power Under Partial Shading Conditions by Mitigating Mismatching Power Losses

Show Author's Information Hide Author's Information Praveen Kumar Bonthagorla, Suresh Mikkili

(

)

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Goa, 403401, India

Keywords:

efficiency, Photo voltaic (PV), PV array configurations, triple-tied (TT), maximum power point (MPP), partial shading, mismatching power losses, fill factor

Cite this article:

Bonthagorla PK, Mikkili S. Optimal PV Array Configuration for Extracting Maximum Power Under Partial Shading Conditions by Mitigating Mismatching Power Losses. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2022, 8(2): 499-510. https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2019.02730

Download citation

EndNote(RIS)

BibTeX

561

Views

Downloads

Citations

Crossref

N/A

WoS

Scopus

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

Abstract

The grid-connected or standalone PV central inverter architecture is comprised of several PV modules which are connected in different ways to form the PV array. The power generation capability of the PV array is primarily affected by partial shading conditions (PSC). Due to PSCs, the power output of the PV array is dramatically reduced, and mismatching losses are induced in the PV modules. Based on the extent of these problems, multiple peaks also appear in the power-voltage (P-V) curve, which makes it very difficult to track the global maximum power point (GMPP). The main objective of this research paper is to model and simulate the series (S), series-parallel (SP), bridge-link (BL), honey-comb (HC), total-cross-tied (TCT) and proposed triple-tied (TT) solar PV array configurations under various partial shading scenarios. The performance of all PV configurations is evaluated under a uniform approach, considering eight different shading scenarios. The performance of the considered PV configurations is analyzed in terms of their mismatching power losses, fill factors, efficiency, global maximum power points (GMPPs), local maximum power points (LMPPs), voltages and currents at GMPPs, open circuit voltage and short circuit currents. The above-mentioned PV configurations are modeled and simulated in a Matlab/Simulink environment by considering the KC-200GT module parameters.

Full text

Abstract

Full text

Outline

About this article

Optimal PV Array Configuration for Extracting Maximum Power Under Partial Shading Conditions by Mitigating Mismatching Power Losses

Show Author's information Hide Author's Information Praveen Kumar Bonthagorla, Suresh Mikkili

(

)

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Goa, 403401, India

Abstract

Keywords: efficiency, Photo voltaic (PV), PV array configurations, triple-tied (TT), maximum power point (MPP), partial shading, mismatching power losses, fill factor

References(29)

[1]

A. Strzalka, N. Alam, E. Duminil, V. Coors, and U. Eicker, “Large scale integration of photovoltaics in cities”, Applied Energy, vol. 93, pp. 413–421, May 2012.

DOI Google Scholar

[2]

P. Manganiello, M. Balato, and M. Vitelli, “A survey on mismatching and aging of PV modules: the closed loop,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 7276–7286, Nov. 2015.

DOI Google Scholar

[3]

B. Subudhi and R. Pradhan, “A comparative study on maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic power systems,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 89–98, Jan. 2013.

DOI Google Scholar

[4]

A. S. Rana, M. Nasir, and H. A. Khan, “String level optimisation on grid-tied solar PV systems to reduce partial shading loss,” IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 143–148, Feb. 2018.

DOI Google Scholar

[5]

S. W. Ko, Y. C. Ju, H. M. Hwang, J. H. So, Y. S. Jung, H. J. Song, H. E. Song, S. H. Kim, and G. H. Kang, “Electric and thermal characteristics of photovoltaic modules under partial shading and with a damaged bypass diode,” Energy, vol. 128, pp. 232–243, Jun. 2017.

DOI Google Scholar

[6]

J. P. Ram, T. S. Babu, and N. Rajasekar, “A comprehensive review on solar PV maximum power point tracking techniques,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 826–847, Jan. 2017.

DOI Google Scholar

[7]

A. R. Jordehi, “Maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic (PV) systems: a review of different approaches,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 65, pp. 1127–1138, Nov. 2016.

DOI Google Scholar

[8]

M. A. M. Ramli, S. Twaha, K. Ishaque, and Y. A. Al-Turki, “A review on maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems with and without shading conditions,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 144–159, Jan. 2017.

DOI Google Scholar

[9]

K. Ishaque and Z. Salam, “A review of maximum power point tracking techniques of PV system for uniform insolation and partial shading condition,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 19, pp. 475–488, Mar. 2013.

DOI Google Scholar

[10]

Z. Salam, J. Ahmed, and B. S. Merugu, “The application of soft computing methods for MPPT of PV system: a technological and status review,” Applied Energy, vol. 107, pp. 135–148, Jul. 2013.

DOI Google Scholar

[11]

S. Pareek and R. Dahiya, “Output power maximization of partially shaded 4*4 PV field by altering its topology,” Energy Procedia, vol. 54, pp. 116–126, 2014.

DOI Google Scholar

[12]

Y. J. Wang and P. C. Hsu, “An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells,” Energy, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 3069–3078, May 2011.

DOI Google Scholar

[13]

O. Bingöl and B. Özkaya, “Analysis and comparison of different PV array configurations under partial shading conditions,” Solar Energy, vol. 160, pp. 336–343, Jan. 2018.

DOI Google Scholar

[14]

N. K. Gautam and N. D. Kaushika, “Reliability evaluation of solar photovoltaic arrays,” Solar Energy, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 129–141, Feb. 2002.

DOI Google Scholar

[15]

P. Srinivasa Rao, G. S. Ilango, and C. Nagamani, “Maximum power from PV arrays using a fixed configuration under different shading conditions,” IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 679–686, Mar. 2014.

DOI Google Scholar

[16]

R. Ramaprabha and B. L. Mathur, “A comprehensive review and analysis of solar photovoltaic array configurations under partial shaded conditions,” International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2012, pp. 120214, Mar. 2012.

DOI Google Scholar

[17]

M. Balato, L. Costanzo, and M. Vitelli, “DMPPT PV system: modeling and control techniques,” Advances in Renewable Energies and Power Technologies, I. Yahyaoui, Ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2018, pp. 163–205.

DOI

[18]

M. Suthar, G. K. Singh, and R. P. Saini, “Comparison of mathematical models of Photo-Voltaic (PV) module and effect of various parameters on its performance,” in Proceedings of 2013 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability, 2013, pp. 1354–1359.

DOI Google Scholar

[19]

M. A. Hasan and S. K. Parida, “An overview of solar photovoltaic panel modeling based on analytical and experimental viewpoint,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 60, pp. 75–83, Jul. 2016.

DOI Google Scholar

[20]

M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli, and E. R. Filho, “Comprehensive approach to modeling and simulation of photovoltaic arrays,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1198–1208, May 2009.

DOI Google Scholar

[21]

A. Mäki, S. Valkealahti, and J. Leppäaho, “Operation of series - connected silicon - photovoltaic modules under partial shading conditions,” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 298–309, May 2012.

DOI Google Scholar

[22]

F. Belhachat and C. Larbes, “Modeling, analysis and comparison of solar photovoltaic array configurations under partial shading conditions,” Solar Energy, vol. 120, pp. 399–418, Oct. 2015.

DOI Google Scholar

[23]

M. Balato, L. Costanzo, and M. Vitelli, “Series–parallel PV array re-configuration: maximization of the extraction of energy and much more,” Applied Energy, vol. 159, pp. 145–160, Dec. 2015.

DOI Google Scholar

[24]

S. Bana and R. P. Saini, “Experimental investigation on power output of different photovoltaic array configurations under uniform and partial shading scenarios,” Energy, vol. 127, pp. 438–453, May 2017.

DOI Google Scholar

[25]

S. R. Pendem and S. Mikkili, “Modeling, simulation and performance analysis of solar PV array configurations (series, series-parallel and honey-comb) to extract maximum power under partial shading conditions,” Energy Reports, vol. 4, pp. 274–287, Nov. 2018.

DOI Google Scholar

[26]

S. Pareek and R. Dahiya, “Enhanced power generation of partial shaded photovoltaic fields by forecasting the interconnection of modules,” Energy, vol. 95, pp. 561–572, Jan. 2016.

DOI Google Scholar

[27]

S. R. Pendem, S. Mikkili, and P. K. Bonthagorla, “PV distributed-MPP tracking: total-cross-tied configuration of string-integrated-converters to extract the maximum power under various PSCs,” IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1046–1057, Mar. 2020.

DOI Google Scholar

[28]

G. Cipriani, V. Di Dio, D. La Manna, R. Miceli, and G. R. Galluzzo, “Technical and economical comparison between different topologies of PV plant under mismatch effect,” in Proceedings of the 2014 Ninth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies, 2014, pp. 1–6.

DOI Google Scholar

[29]

C. T. K. Kho, J. Ahmed, Y. L. Then, and M. Kermadi, “Mitigating the effect of partial shading by triple-tied configuration of PV modules,” in Proceedings of 2018 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, 2018, pp. 532–537.

Google Scholar

About this article

Publication history

Acknowledgements

Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 04 November 2019

Revised: 03 January 2020

Accepted: 06 April 2020

Published: 06 April 2020

Issue date: March 2022

Copyright

Acknowledgements

The Authors are thankful for the support given under the Grant No: ECR/2017/000316 by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for this research work.