Clinical analysis of 8 cases of desmoplastic fibroma of the jaw

To improve the dentist's understanding of desmoplastic fibroma of the jaw, we investigated the clinical manifestations, pathological features, treatment and prognosis of this disease.

The clinical data of 8 patients with desmoplastic fibroma of the jaw who were admitted to Nanjing Stomatological Hospital from 2011 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

The male-female ratio in this group was 3:1, the age of first onset was 32.13±15.00, and the lesions were mainly in the mandible. Histologically, the lesions was composed of mildly atypical fibroblasts and a large number of collagen fibers. The positive rates of Vimentin, α-SMA and β-catenin in the cytoplasm were 100%, 62.5% and 62.5%, respectively. The Ki-67 level in the initial patients was lower than 5%, and the S-100 protein level was 100% negative. The imaging manifestations were single-room or multichamber light-transmitting lesions with clear or irregular boundaries, with or without peripheral sclerosis. Five patients were treated with curettage for the first time; among them, two patients relapsed with poor prognosis. Three patients underwent extended resection, and all had no recurrence.

The clinical and imaging features of desmoplastic fibroma of the jaw are not specific. We mainly rely on histopathology to diagnose the disease. It has a high recurrence rate after surgery. At present, the best treatment is to extend surgical resection. Local curettage is easy to relapse and has a poor prognosis.