Polydocanol percutaneous sclerotherapy for the treatment of giant venular malformation of the lips and cheeks in adults

To investigate the clinical effect of polidocanol sclerotherapy in the treatment of giant venular malformations of the lips and cheeks in adults.

From September 2019 to September 2020, 5 patients with huge venular malformations of the lips and cheeks (4 males, 1 female) admitted to Xuzhou Central Hospital were included in the study. All the patients were treated with local injection of polidocanol foam scleroagent, and all patients were followed up with a 3-week treatment course. If the clinical symptoms were not alleviated and the MRI examination showed that > 25% of the lesion remained, or it relapsed again after symptoms are stable, the patient needed to be treated again. The endpoints of treatment were: ①subsidence of clinical symptoms and MRI showing residual lesions < 25% in size; ②continuous treatment for 4 times without relief or aggravation of symptoms; ③a discontinuation of treatment.

All 5 patients successfully completed the treatment and were injected 2 to 4 times during treatment. The curative effect was evaluated according to the Achauer standard, including grade Ⅰcurative effects in 1 patient, grade Ⅱ in 2 patients, grade Ⅲ in 2 patients. Among them, one patient suffered from erosion and bleeding in the lesion before the operation, and the symptoms were significantly improved postoperatively. No serious side effects were found except skin pigmentation in 1 case.

Local injection of polidocanol foam scleroagent is a safe and effective treatment method for adult giant venular malformations of the lips and cheeks, and it has a hemostatic effect on spontaneous bleeding invenular malformations.